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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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axis when R waves in both I & II
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normal axis
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axis when R wave in I, S in II
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LAD
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axis when S wave in I, R in II
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RAD
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axis when S waves in both I & II
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right superior deviation aka northwest deviation aka extreme axis deviation
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axis when isoelectric in all limb leads
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indeterminate
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The P wave is positive at leads ___ (3). It is usually most positive at lead ___. It is usually negative at lead ___. It is usually biphasic at lead ___.
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I, II, aVF
II aVR V1 |
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The main vector of RA depolarization is ___. The main vector of LA depolarization is ___.
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anterior
leftwards |
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Sinus rhythm is defined as ___.
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3 identical P waves in leads I, II, aVF
negative P wave in aVR |
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RA enlargement is best seen in leads ___ (4)
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II, III, aVF, V1 (sometimes)
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RA enlargement is visible as (4)
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P amplitude >2.5 mm in II or >1.5mm in V1
P wave RAD pointier P wave (tent shape) normal P wave duration |
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Right-sided P wave enlargement is sometimes called ___.
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P pulmonale
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2 criteria for LA enlargement
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P wave duration >120 ms in II
negative deflection >.1mV at V1, with duration > 40s |
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LA enlargement is also called
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P mitrale
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The axis in LAE is usually ___.
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normal
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T/F: EKG indications of atrial enlargement are necessary and sufficient for diagnosis.
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false (Thayer 81)
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RVH is indicated by ___ in the limb leads and ___ (3) in the precordial leads.
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RAD
R>S in V1 (poor R wave progression; book: and S>R in V6) ST depression in R, mid-precordial T wave inversion in R, mid-precordial |
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Most common causes of RVH are ___ (2)
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pulmonary disease
congenital heart disease |
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Sokolow-Lyon criteria for LVH
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S_V1 + (R_V5 or R_V6) >= 35 mm
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The strain pattern is defined as ___ (2)
it is most prominent in leads with ___ |
downsloping of ST segment
T wave inversion tall R waves |
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T/F: Ventricular hypertrophy does not prolong the QRS complex.
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true (thaler 87)
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Repolarization abnormalities are most commonly seen at leads with ___.
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tall R waves
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T/F A high percentage of LVH occurs without EKG signature.
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true (50% not detectable on EKG; Thaler 90)
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The most common conduction defect is ___
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LAHB
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LAHB causes ___
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LAD
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LPHB causes ___
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RAD
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ICRBBB QRS has duration ___, CRBBB QRS has duration ___.
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.1--.12s
>.12s |
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RBBB QRS has ___ or ___ aka ___ shape in right leads, with ___ T wave.
RBBB QRS has ___ shape in left leads, with ___ T wave. |
RR'
RSR' rabbit ears inverted qRS with wide S inverted or normal |
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ICLBBB QRS has duration
CLBBB QRS has duration |
.1--.12s
>.12s |
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in LBBB, right leads have ___ called ___ or ___, and left leads have ___ (3).
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wide, deep S wave
QS rS wide, notched R wave no q wave (monophasic) inverted T wave |
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___ axis is possible for RBBB.
___ axis is possible for LBBB. |
RAD
LAD |
