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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Many mental illnesses have as their origin the same basic ...
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physiologic dysfunctions that cause disorders typically considered “physical” or “organic”
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exact causative agent is not known
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syndrome
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illnesses where the causative agent is known
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diseases
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what are characteristic symptoms ?
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occur regularly and are required for the diagnosis to be given
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what are associated symptoms?
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may or may not accompany the characteristic symptoms
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what are criteria of illnesses?
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*char symptoms
*associated symptoms *duration for which symptoms must be present in order to warrant diagnosis *distress or dysfunction criterion must be met *exclusionary criteria to ensure that other possible illnesses have been ruled out |
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what's the criteria of a major depressive disorder?
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Depression or anhedonia plus four of these:
Suicidal ideas loss of Interest Guilt/worthlessness low Energy poor Concentration Appetite changes Psychomotor changes: Psychomotor agitation or retardation Sleep changes: Insomnia or hypersomnia Do not meet criteria for mixed episode Cause clinically significant distress or impairment Not due to a substance or medical condition Not better accounted for by another mental illness |
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what's anhedonia?
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loss of interest or pleasure
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what are signs of bipolar disorder?
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one manic episode:
for one week, mood is abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable AND 3 or more of the following -inflated self-esteem or grandiosity -decreased need for sleep -more talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking -flight of ideas or subjective experience that thoughts are racing -Distractibility -Increase in goal-directed activity (either socially, at work or school, or sexuality) or psychomotor agitation -Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (e.g. engaging in unrestrained buying sprees, sexual indiscretions, or foolish business investments) |
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what are schizophrenia signs?
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Two or more of the following present for a significant portion of one month
Delusions (fixed false beliefs) Hallucinations (usually auditory) Disorganized speech (tangential, incoherent, derailment) Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior (agitation, posturing) Negative symptoms (affective flattening, avolition, alogia) Social or occupational dysfunction present Continues signs of the illness for at least 6 months with at least one month of active criterion A symptoms |
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what's the differential diagnosis for schizophrenia?
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-mental illnesses: brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder,
dementia -To rule out other mental illnesses: take a careful history then look at the DSM-IV-TR to evaluate whether the patient fits criteria for another illness -nonpsychiatric illnesses: delirium, meningitis, seizures -To rule out nonpsychiatric illnesses: careful history of associated signs and symptoms, labwork, CNS imaging, EEG, etc. - substance induced: intoxication, withdrawl symptoms -To rule out substance induced: urine drug screen, alcohol level |
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what goes on axis I?
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any psychiatric illness (including substance use disorders) with the exception of personality disorders and mental retardation
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what goes on axis II?
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personality disorders and mental retardation
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what goes on axis III?
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general medical conditions that are potentially relevant to a patient’s presentation or treatment
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what goes on axis IV?
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psychological and environmental problems
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what goes on axis V?
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Global Assessment of Functioning, or GAF
--an evaluation of symptom severity and functioning in psychological, social, and occupational realms |
