I&c Study Guide Test #3

Front 1

Individualistic Culture

Back 1

Focus on individual, specific child, concentrates on one child. Has low expectations and don't care about other children, usually developing countries.

Front 2

Collectivist Culture

Back 2

Focus on groups, extended family, often stay in same towns and have cross generational ties, usually third world countries.

Front 3

A.R. Culture

Back 3

Somewhere in the middle of the two types of cultures, have structure to have individual child.

Front 4

Temperament

Back 4

The base for personality, foundation that is set upon at birth and adapt in circumstances.

Front 5

China

Back 5

Has predetermined goals and outcomes for each child. Well obedient and more respectful, speak when only spoken to, very structured.

Front 6

Africa

Back 6

Free-spirited and open minded, unfolding on the individual child, learn through experiences and given a lot of freedom.

Front 7

Emotionality

Back 7

Reaction patterns and how they handle their emotions and regulate them.

Front 8

Activity Level

Back 8

How active they are and what they are interested in.

Front 9

Sociability

Back 9

How social they are with new people.

Front 10

Easy
Difficult
Slow to Warm Up

Back 10

Types of Temperament

Front 11

Easy

Back 11

Happy, don't cry often, high sociability, high regulation to emotions and high activity level.

Front 12

Difficult

Back 12

Unhappy, cry often, low sociability, low regulation to emotions and low activity level.

Front 13

Slow to Warm Up

Back 13

In the middle, cries at first and slowly regulates and adjusts.

Front 14

Goodness to Fit

Back 14

How the parent and child fit together in personality.

Front 15

Attachment

Back 15

The strong affectionate tie that humans have for special people in their lives.

Front 16

Strange Situation

Back 16

A lab method used to assess the quality of attachment between the ages of 1 and 2 years by observing the baby's response to 8 short episodes, in which brief separations from and reunions with the caregiver occur in an unfamiliar playroom.

Front 17

Secure
Avoidant
Resistant
Disorganized/Disoriented

Back 17

Types of Attachment

Front 18

Secure Attachment

Back 18

Distressed by parental separation but are easily comforted by the parent when they return.

Front 19

Secure Attachment

Back 19

80% of children fall in this category of attachment.

Front 20

Avoidant

Back 20

Are unresponsive to the parent when they are present and are not usually distressed when she leaves and avoid the parent when they return.

Front 21

Resistant

Back 21

Seek closeness to the parent before their departure, are usually distressed when they leave, and combine clinginess with anger and resistive behavior when she returns.

Front 22

Disorganized/Disinterested

Back 22

Reflects the greatest insecurity, shows confusion and contradictory behaviors when reunited with the parent after separation.

Front 23

Trust v. Mistrust
Autonomy v. Shame/Doubt

Back 23

Erikson's Theory

Front 24

Birth to 18 months

Back 24

Trust v. Mistrust Age

Front 25

18 months to 3 years

Back 25

Autonomy v. Shame Age

Front 26

Trust v. Mistrust

Back 26

The baby has to trust the caregiver because they cannot do anything themselves.

Front 27

Autonomy v. Shame/Doubt

Back 27

Potty-training, being able to do things alone and feel good about it verses feeling inadequate because they cannot accomplish something. Positive reinforcement is important.

Front 28

Birth

Back 28

Age of arousal, attraction and withdrawal.

Front 29

Asynchonies

Back 29

The growth and development of the lymph nodes and brain.

Front 30

90%

Back 30

____ % are right handed.

Front 31

Boys than girls.

Back 31

Dyslexia is more common in ______ than ______.

Front 32

Gross Development in ages 3,4, & 5.

Back 32

Very rapid development, can do multiple tasks at one time, up their activity level, can concentrate better.

Front 33

Fine Development in ages 3,4, & 5.

Back 33

Start to write, hand choice is determined, properly hold pencil, scissors, play-dough, ties shoes, buttons, dress themselves, pour liquids, & do crafts.

Front 34

Centration

Back 34

The tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation, neglecting other important features.

Front 35

Piaget's Operational Stage (2 - 7 years).

Back 35

Rapid growth in representation takes place but thought is not yet logical, includes, make-believe and symbolic play.

Front 36

Scaffolding.

Back 36

Adjusting the assistance offered during a teaching session to fit the child's current level of performance.

Front 37

Guided Participation

Back 37

Shared endeavors between more expert and less expert participants regardless of the precise features of communication.

Front 38

Memory Strategies

Back 38

Deliberate mental activities that improve the likelihood of remembering.

Front 39

Metacognition

Back 39

Thinking about thought, awareness of mental activities.

Front 40

Inductive Discipline

Back 40

Explain and discipline, give rules and explain why.

Front 41

Altruism

Back 41

Unselfishly acting toward others.

Front 42

Parallel
Parallel Aware
Simple Social
Complementary and Reciprocal
Cooperative Social Pretend
Complex Social Pretend

Back 42

Howes & Matheson's Categories of Play.