Ib 302 Evolution Lab Practical

Front 1

Deuterostome

Back 1

Deutero- Second
Stoma- Mouth
Blastopore becomes the anus instead of a mouth

Front 2

Echinodermata

Back 2

Spiny Skin
Bilateral Symmetry as larvae
Radial Symmetry as adults
Porous calcite skeleton
Water vascular system
Regenerative abilites

Front 3

Crinoidea

Back 3

Lily Form
Feather starts and sea lilies
Stalk with arboral cup and arms
Suspension Feeders- use tube feet
Separate sexes

Front 4

Back 4

Crinoidea Lily Form

Front 5

Back 5

Crinoidea Lily Form

Front 6

Back 6

Asteroidea- Star form

Front 7

Back 7

Asteroidea- Star form

Front 8

Asteroidea

Back 8

Sea stars
knobs instead of spines
predator/scavengers
can invert stomach
separate sexes

Front 9

Back 9

Ophiuroidea= “snake tail form”

Front 10

Back 10

Ophiuroidea= “snake tail form”

Front 11

Ophiuroidea

Back 11

Snake fail form
brittle starts and basket stars
flexible arms
multiple of fives
eat small prey and feed on debris
some hermaphroditics

Front 12

Back 12

Echinoidea= “spiny form”

Front 13

Back 13

Echinoidea= “spiny form”

Front 14

Echinoidea

Back 14

Sea urchines and sand dollars
long or short spines
jaw-like feeding structure
separate sexes

Front 15

Back 15

Holothuroidea

Front 16

Back 16

Holothuroidea

Front 17

Holothuroidea

Back 17

water polyp form
sea cucumbers
soft-bodied
Horizontal axis of symmetry
feed with tentacles
can regrow internal organs (used as a defense)

Front 18

Chordata

Back 18

Dorsal hollow nerve cord
notochord
post-anal tail
pharyngeal gill pouches/slits
endostyle/thyroid gland

Front 19

Back 19

Urochordata

Front 20

Back 20

Urochordata

Front 21

Urochordata

Back 21

Sea squirts and salps
Protective tunic
u-shaped gut**
suspension feeders
sexual and asexual reproduction

Front 22

Back 22

Cephalochordata

Front 23

Cephalochordata

Back 23

Lancelets
use notochord as endoskeleton in adulthood
use gill slits to trap food

Front 24

Vertebrata(Craniata)

Back 24

Chordates w/backbones
cranium
jawless fish
cartilaginous fish
bony fish
tetrapods- amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds

Front 25

Homology

Back 25

Trait evolved once

Front 26

Homoplasy

Back 26

Convergent evolution

Front 27

Back 27

Ecdysozoa

Front 28

Ecdysozoa (P)

Back 28

Ecdys= escape
have outer layer of cuticle that they can escape from (molt) as they grow and develop

Front 29

Back 29

Nematoda

Front 30

Nematoda (P)

Back 30

nematos= thread
free-living and parasitic worms
unsegmented body
no respiratory organs

Front 31

Back 31

Arthopoda

Front 32

Arthopoda (P)

Back 32

Insects, spiders, crustaceans, millipedes

Front 33

Four Major Subphyla

Back 33

Myriapoda
Chelicerata
Crustacea
Hexapoda

Front 34

Back 34

Collembola

Front 35

Back 35

Collembola

Front 36

Collembola

Back 36

Furcula
Collophore
4 antennal segments
internal mouthparts
no wings

Front 37

Hemimetabolous insects

Back 37

Emerge from egg stage as little, wingless adults
juvenile stages are called nymphs or naiads

Front 38

Back 38

Dragonfly
Odonata

Front 39

Back 39

Damselfies
Odonata

Front 40

Odonata (O)

Back 40

Dragon flies and damselflies
juveniles are aquatic
predaceous as larave and adults

Front 41

Back 41

Orthoptera

Front 42

Orthoptera

Back 42

Straight wing
grasshoppers and crickets
leathery forewings,
membranous hindwings
threadlike antennae
jumping hind legs

Front 43

Back 43

hemiptera

Front 44

Hemiptera

Back 44

True bugs
half-wings
many families wings that are half membranous
sucking mouthparts- beaklike rostrum

Front 45

Holometabola

Back 45

Complete metamorphosis

Front 46

Back 46

Coleoptera

Front 47

Coleoptera

Back 47

Sheath-wing
hardened veinless forewings

Front 48

Diptera

Back 48

True Flies
two wings
Forewings are membranous
hindwings are reduced into halteres to steer while flying

Front 49

Lepidoptera

Back 49

Butterflies/moths
scale wings
having sucking mouthparts and feed on nectar
butterflies- clubbed antennae
moths- filamentous or plumose antennae

Front 50

Back 50

Lepidoptera

Front 51

Back 51

Lepidoptera

Front 52

Back 52

Diptera

Front 53

Back 53

Hymenoptera

Front 54

Back 54

Mullerian- all poisonous

Front 55

Back 55

Batesian- 1 is poisonous

Front 56

Back 56

Camouflage

Front 57

Choanoflagellates

Back 57

sister group to porifera and metazoa
means funnel and whip
feed on bacteria

Front 58

Porifera

Back 58

Pore-barer
Multicellular, but not metazoans
Differentiated tissue

Front 59

Cnidaria

Back 59

Cnidos=stining nettle
Metazoans not in Bilateria
possess nerve cells
Two main body forms

Front 60

Classes of Cnidaria

Back 60

Hydrozoa-Freshwater jellies, hydra
scyphozoa- jellyfish
Anthozoa- anemones, corals

Front 61

Bilataria

Back 61

due to symmetry
triploblastic- 3 functional cell layers (epidermis, gastrodermis and mesoderm
two main groups- protostomes + deuterostomes

Front 62

Platyhelminthes

Back 62

Flat
Acoelomate

Front 63

Classes of Platyhelminthes

Back 63

Turbellaria- free living
Cestoda- Tapeworms
Trematoda- Flukes

Front 64

Annelida

Back 64

Little ring
segmented and coelomate

Front 65

Classes of Annelids

Back 65

Polychaeta- Marine or bristle worms
Oligochaeta- earth worms
Hirudinea- leeches

Front 66

Mollusca

Back 66

Soft body

Front 67

Classes of Molluscs

Back 67

Polyplacophora-chitons
Bivalvia- mussels, clams, oysters
Cephalopoda- octopuses, squid, cuttlefish
Gastropoda- snails, slugs, nubigranchs

Front 68

Back 68

Anthozoa

Front 69

Back 69

Scyphozoa

Front 70

Back 70

Hydrozoa

Front 71

Back 71

Platyhelminthes

Front 72

Back 72

Turbellaria

Front 73

Back 73

Cestoda

Front 74

Back 74

Trematoda

Front 75

Back 75

Polychaeta

Front 76

Back 76

Oligochaeta

Front 77

Back 77

Hirudinea

Front 78

Back 78

Polyplacophora

Front 79

Back 79

Bivalvia

Front 80

Back 80

Cephalopoda

Front 81

Back 81

Gastropoda