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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cardiovascular disease
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disorder of heart and major blood vessels
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systole
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heart contraction
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diastole
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heart chambers fill, heart muscle at rest
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normal resting adult heart beat
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60-80xs/minute
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heart at rest
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ejects approx. 5L
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3 layers of heart
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endocardium
myocardium epicardium |
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endocardium
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innermost layer of heart lining the heart chamber and valves
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myocardium
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middle layer made of muscle, responsible for pumping action
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epicardium
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outermost layer
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pericardium
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sac that heart sits in, made of 2 layers (visceral pericardium, and parietal pericardium)
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visceral pericardium
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adheres to the epicardium
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parietal pericardium
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touch fibrous tissue attaches to great vessels, diaphragm, sternum, vertebral column, and supports heart in mediastinum
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pericardial space
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space between visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium, filled with 30mL of fluid, lubricates surface of heart, reduces friction during systole
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4 heart chambers
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right atria
right ventricle left atria left ventricle |
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right side of heart
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right atria and right ventricle, distribute venous blood (deoxygenated) to the lung via pulmonary artery
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right atria
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receives blood from superior vena cava (head, neck, and upper extremities), and inferior vena cava (trunk and lower extremities), and coronary sinus
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left atria
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gets oxgenated blood from pulmonary veins
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left ventricle vs. right ventricle thickness
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left ventricle 2 1/2 times thicker than right b/c it must pump to oxygenate body.
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right ventricle and left ventricle positions
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right ventricle sits anteriorly
left ventricle sits posteriorly |
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PMI (point of maximal impulse)
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left ventricle makes this
midclavicular line at 5th intercostal space |
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2 types of valves
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atrioventricular
semilunar valves |
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tricuspid valve
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separates right atrium from right ventricle
has 3 cusps/leaflets |
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mitral valve / bicuspid
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separates left atrium from left venticle
has 2 cusps |
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how the valves stay closed during systole
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papillary muscles
& chordae tendinae pull closed like a hot air balloon |
