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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Medial hypothalamic nuclei
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Feeling of satiety, regulated by leptin
Lesion = overeating |
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Lateral hypothalamic nuclei
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Feeling of hunger and drive to eat and drink
Lesion = undereating |
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Preoptic and anterior pituitary
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Heat-sensitive
Sense rise in core temperature and initiate sweating, panting |
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Posterior thalamic nuclei
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Cold-sensitive
Sense cooling of core temperature and initiate shivering, vasoconstriction |
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Medial forebrain bundle
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Connects the cortex to the hypothalamus and the brainstem/spinal cord
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Fornix
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Connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus
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Stria terminalis
Ventral amygdofugal tract |
Amygdala to the hypothalamus
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Retinal connections
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Via the optic nerve
Night or day? No reciprocal connection |
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Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
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From the hypothalamus to the brainstem and spinal cord
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Regulation of feeding via neurotransmitters
(4) |
NE = increase carbohydrate intake
Galanin = increase fat intake Opiates = increase protein intake Leptin = stop eating |
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Short term response to eating
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Initially food in the mouth stimulates feeding
Fullness signaled by leptin Humoral cues (CCK) signal eating |
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Long term response to eating
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Body's weight set point (leptin controlled)
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Short term response to temperature
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Shivering, vasoconstriction, sweating
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Long term response to temperature
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Upregulation of thyroxine
Cognitive responses |
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Fever
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Pyrogens bind to anterior hypothalamus and increase setpoint, raising temperature (body tricked into thinking it's too cold)
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Antipyresis
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Lower the hypothalamic setpoint to limit core setpoint
Activated by ADH |
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Sexual behavior
(Male/female) |
Male: In the preoptic nucleus; larger than females
Female: In the ventromedial nucleus |
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Circadian rhythm regulation
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Retina projects to the suprachiasmic nucleus to signal light levels and coodrdinate activity
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Direct regulation of pituitary
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Neurohypophysis - magnocellular
From the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei Oxytocin and ADH made in the hypothalamus and carried into the bloodstream of the neurohypopysis and released into the blood |
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Indirect regulation of pituitary
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Adenohypophysis - parvocellular
From the preoptic, periventricular, arcuate, and tubercle nuclei Hypothalamic secretion of releasing factors into the adenohypophesis, which signals release of hormones into the body |
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Growth hormome
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Stimulates growth, fat mobilization, and decreased glucose utilization
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Thyroid stimulating hormone
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Stimulates growth and function of the thyroid gland to increase metabolism
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone
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Governs growth of the adrenal cortex and the release of cortisol
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Follicle stimulating hormone
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Follicle growth within the ovary
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Lutenizing hormone
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Stimulates ovulation of the mature follicle
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Prolactin
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Release of milk
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