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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
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systemic hypertension
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Defined 140/90 mmhg
systolic > 140 diastolic >90 On three consequative measurements BP represents the force of blood against any unit area of the vessel wall |
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systemic hypertension
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Primary HTN:etiology unknown (90-95%)
Secondary HTN: the cause can be identifies,renal, endocrine,neurological dx's, drugs, food |
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systemic hypertension
white coat |
You are nervouse Increased BP while in Dr's office and normal elsewhere
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Borderline HTN
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BP 150/90 to 160/100
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Mild HTN
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diastolic 90-105
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systemic hypertension
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Defined 140/90 mmhg
systolic > 140 diastolic >90 On three consequative measurements BP represents the force of blood against any unit area of the vessel wall |
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systemic hypertension
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Primary HTN:etiology unknown (90-95%)
Secondary HTN: the cause can be identifies,renal, endocrine,neurological dx's, drugs, food |
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systemic hypertension
white coat |
You are nervouse Increased BP while in Dr's office and normal elsewhere
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Borderline HTN
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BP 150/90 to 160/100
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Mild HTN
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diastolic 90-105
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systemic hypertension
mild |
diastolic BP 90-105 mmHg
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systemic hypertension
moderate |
diastolic BP 105-114 mmHg
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systemic hypertension
severe |
diastloic BP 115-129 mmHg
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systemic hypertension
Malignant-acclerated |
diastolic BP > 120 mmHg
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systemic hypertension
systolic HTN |
systolic BP > 150 mmHg
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systemic hypertension
Resistant |
Does not respond to tx
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systemic hypertension symptoms that you may be able to control
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smoking alcohol diet salt intake obesity lifestyle work family situation oral contraceptives decongestants
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systemic hypertension
physical signs |
Asymptomatic
headaches dyspnea palpitations headaches blurred vision dizziness sweats |
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systemic hypertension
symptom you can't control |
Family history of HTN, diabetes, ischemic heart dz
Race and age african american sedentary individuals |
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systemic hypertension
2d findings |
Determine LV dim. & concentric LV hypertrophy
Eval LV end diastolic midcavity obliteration (hypovolemia and Increased contractility) Det LVOT gradient w/ CW Speckled ground glass appearance-as. w/ severe HTN or chronic renal failure RVH Eval aorta-(coarc, dilated, aneurysmal, dissected) serial echos to determine effect of therapy |
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systemic hypertension
Complications |
atherosclerotic-angina myo ischemia acute MI-most common cause of death in HTN pts
CHF TIA/Stroke hypertensive renal dz &retinopathy aortic dissection |
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systemic hypertension
Treatment |
Non pharmacological-weight loss-lifestyle
Pharm-Diuretics (1st choice)Beta blockers Treat secondary cause |
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systemic hypertension results
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Increase in vascular resistance and LV afterload leading to LVH, diastolic dysfx, and eventuall end systolic dysfx
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systemic hypertension
Body systems most affected |
Brain, heart, kidneys, blood vessels
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systemic hypertension
Diabetic risk |
Increases the risk of stroke, renal failure and CAD
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systemic hypertension
African American Male |
40% of AA males over the age of 50 have systemic HTN
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systemic hypertension
Bottom line |
The higher the BP the greater the cardiovascular risk
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition |
An INCREASE in PAP pulmonary artery pressure due to REDUCTION in the caliber of the pulmonary vasculature OR an INCREASE in pulmonary blood flow---Or both
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Pulmonary Hypertension
What are primary types of PTHN Three: |
unknown etiology
raynaud's syndrome Oral Contraceptive's |
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Pulmonary Hypertension: What are some examples of seconday PHTN
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Aquired heart dz, LV sys failure, LV diastolic failure, icshemic heart dx, MV, AV dx, myxomas etc heartlung dz's
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Signs and symptoms |
DOE, fatigue, dizzyness, syncope,CP, palpations, orthopnea, cough, hoarseness, hemoptysis, cyanosis, R heart failure
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Pulmonary Hypertension
2D Findings/Evaluation |
Evidence of nderlying etiology (ischemic heart dz, MS) RVH (occurs early in PTHN)
D-shaped LV due to leftward shift of IVS Dilation of IVC with failure to collapse with inspiration RAE PA dilation PFO |
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Why might you have a shunt with PHTN? |
The pressure has opened the patent foramen ovale back open
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment: |
Treat the underlying cause first!
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment: Meds: |
Pulmonary vasodilators
Anti-inflammatory agents Diuretics, Digitalis/Dopamine |
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Pulmonary Hypertension:
Treatment: Think lifestyle change/ What causes increase swelling |
REDUCE salt in diet
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment: What would you condsider if you had PHTN and had recurrent pulmonary emboli |
Inferior vena cava filter
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment: Most extreme measure |
Heart-Lung transplant
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Pulmonary Hypertension:What is the measurement criteria for PTHN: What is and increase in PAP
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>30mmHg SYSTOLIC Which may result in the pressure overload of the right heart
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Pulmonary Hypertension
what is the order of how PTN affects the heart (mechanics) |
THe RV first responds with RVH, RVE, TR, PR, and RAE
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Why might you have a shunt with PHTN? |
The pressure has opened the patent foramen ovale back open
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment: |
Treat the underlying cause first!
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment: Meds: |
Pulmonary vasodilators
Anti-inflammatory agents Diuretics, Digitalis/Dopamine |
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Pulmonary Hypertension:
Treatment: Think lifestyle change/ What causes increase swelling |
REDUCE salt in diet
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Pulmonary Hypertension
Treatment: What would you condsider if you had PHTN and had recurrent pulmonary emboli |
Inferior vena cava filter
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