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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypertension types include
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essential hypertension, malignant hypertension, orthostatic hypertension
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Essential hypertension (primary) definition
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chronic elevation in Bp occuring without evidence of other disease, cause is unknown
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Normal Bp is
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120/80
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Essential Prehypertension systolic is
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120-139 mm HG
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Essential prehypertension diastolic is
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80-89 mm HG
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Essential Hypertension systolic bp is
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greater than 140
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essential prehypertension diastolic bp is
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greater than 90
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RIsk factors for essential hypertension include
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family history, age, african american race, metabolic syndrome (type 2 diabetes), high salt intake, obesity, excess alcohol intake, oral contraceptives and stress
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Essential hypertension mechanism is
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an imbalance in the interactions between cardiac output, renal function, peripheral resistance and sodium homeostasis mechanisms.
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Manifestations of essential hypertension are asymptomatic but can include
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increased wear and tear on the heart and b.v's, increased workload on heart pump against high afterloads, may see LV hypertrophy
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Essential hypertension is a major risk factor for
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Atherosclerosis
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COmplications occuring due to hypertension include
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ATHEROSCLEROSIS!, CAD, aortic aneurysms, renal complications, retinopathy, stroke and headaches
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Malignant HTN is charecterized by
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a sudden bp elevation of diastolic bp greater than 120
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Malignant hypertension is life threatening because _____ is possible
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possible intense arterial spasms or cerebral arteries with hypertensive encephalopathy
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_________ occurs with malignant htn because the brain ise trying to protect its tissues from increasing pressure
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cerebral vasoconstriction
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manifestations of mlignant htn include
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papilledema (swelling of the optic nerve), headache, restlessness, confusion, stupor, motor and sensory deficits and visual disturbance
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Malignant HTn is mostly seen in
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anesthesia
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Orthostatic HTN is marked by
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a abnormal drop in BP when standing (shift in b.v causing decreased cardiac output)
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Orthostatic htn is measured by a drop in bp
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greater than 20 mm systolic and greater than 10 diastolic
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causes of orthostatic htn
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age, bedrest, ana disorders, medications, adrenergic blockers and dehydration.
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