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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of HTN?
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Persistant elevation of
-systolic BP greater than or equal to 140 mm HG -diastolic BP greater than of equal to 90 mm HG -current use of ahntihypertensive medication/s |
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What is the etiology of primary HTN? (primary or idiopathic)
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Contributing factors
-increased SNS activity -increased sodium retaining hormones/vasoconstrictors -diabetes mellitus -geater than IBW -increased sodium intake -excessive alcohol intake |
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What is the etiology of secondary HTN? (elevated BP with specific cause)
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Contributing factors
-coarction of aorta (narrowing) -renal disease -endocrine disorders -neurological disorders -cirrhosis -sleep apnea |
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T or F
For persons over 50 years of age SBP is more important than DBP as CVD risk factor. |
True
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T or F
Persons who are normotensive at 55 yrs of age have a 90% lifetime risk for developing HTN. |
True
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What are the risk factors for primary HTN?
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-age
-alcohol use -cigarette use -diabetes mellitus -elevated serum lipids -excess dietary sodium -gender -family history -obesity -ethnicity -sedetary lifestyle -socioeconomic status -stress |
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T or F
Any change in CO or pressure resistance will change BP |
True
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What is the equation for BP?
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BP= CO X SVR (system vascular resistance)
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What is JNC requirements for a person to be hypertensive?
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Adults with an average oftwo or more DBP measurements on at least 2 or more consecutive visits
-systolic > 90 -diastolic > 140 |
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What is teh treatment for mild hypertension?
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lifestyle changes
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What happens to blood vessels that lead to HTN?
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-fibrous formation of vessels in the periphery
-plaque formation in the central vessels -the lumen of the vessels decrease which decreases perfusion -persistant high BP causes changes to the endothial layer |
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T or F
S/S of HTN usually don't appear until it's too late. |
True
It's called the silent killer |
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What are the S/S of HTN?
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-headache in occipital region worsening in the morning
-blurred vision -fatigue -dizziness -palpitations -angina -dyspnea ** one or more symptoms may be present, however many people are asymptomatic |
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In untreated HTN what are the physiolgical complications that target organs?
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-Heart-> angina, CAD, CHF,PVD
-Brain-> transcient ischemia,change LOC, CVA -Kidney-> nephrosclerosis -Eyes-> retinal damage |
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What are the basic diagnostic studies done for HTN?
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-routine urinalysis
-BUN -serum creatine levels -serum electrolytes and uric acid -blood glucose -CBC -Serum lipid profile , cholesterol and triglycerides -chest X ray -EKG |
