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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the mechanism of the antibody-mediated type II Rxn
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IgG and IgM Abs against cells and tissue
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What is the mechanism of a type III Rxn?
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Immune complex formation of IgG and IgM to circulating Ag
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Examples of Type III Rxns
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PARS PS
Poststrep glomerulonephritis Arthus Rxn RA SLE Polyarteritis nodosa Serum sickness |
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Mechanism AND presentation of Serum sickness
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Caused by drugs - Ab to foreign Ag form immune complexes and are deposited in membrane where they fix complement.
Fever,urticaria, proteinuria, arthralgia, and lymphadenopathy 5-10 days after exposure to Ag |
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Mechanism of Arthus Rxn and Clinical presentation
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Intradermal injection of Ag induces Ab and produces local Ab-Ag mediated Rxn.
Local pain and edema at site |
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Examples of Arthus Rxn?
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Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, thermophilic actinomyces
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Mechanism of RA Type III rxn?
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IgM to IgG causing immune complex formation, activation of comlement, attracting PMNs, which release enzymes
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What are the Type II Noncytotoxic hypersensitivity rxns?
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Myasthenia gravis - Ab against ACH receptors in the postsynptic membrane
Graves Dz- Ab mediated stimulation of TSH receptors causing hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism Type II DM - Ab inhibit binding of insulin manefesting as Hypergly and DKA |
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What are the type II cytotoxic hypersensitivity rxns?
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Autoimmmune hemolytic anemia
Transfusion reaction Goodpasteurs syndrome Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic purpura Neonatal EBF ARF |
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How does erythroblastosis fetalis occur?
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RhD- Mother has baby w/RhD+ father and the fetus is RhD+. RhD+ IgG made when maternal and fetal blood come in contact. If mother isn't Tx at next pregnancy and has an RhD- fetus, the RhD+ IgG will cross the placenta and react with the fetal Rh+ RBCs
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How do you prevent Erythroblastosis fetalis?
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RhD- mother is given RhoGAM at 28wks gestation and again 72hrs after birth.
This anti-RhD Ab should also be given to any RhD- mother following any termination of pregnancy. |
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Difference between type II Noncytotoxic and Type II cytotoxic rxn in terms of Ab, compliment, and Effector cells
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Noncytotoxic:
IgG, No compliment activation or ADCC, No effector cells Cytotoxic: IgG and IgM, Compliment activation, PMN, Macro, NK |
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What are examples of Type IV Rxn?
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MHC PIG
MS Hashimoto thyroiditis Contact dermatitis Peripheral neuritis - ascending paralysis IDDM (Type I) Guillan-Barre - Ascending paralysis, peripheral nerve demylination |
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Mechanism of Type IV Rxn
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Sensitized T cells (CD4 Th1 or CD8) encounter Ag - activated and release IFN-g (activate Macro) and TNF (induce inflammation)
Occurs 48-72hrs |
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What type of infections do you see T-cell mediated tissue injury due to a type IV rxn?
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Chronic Intracellular pathogens
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What are the mechanims by which infections trigger AI response?
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1. Bystander activation - the recruitment of immune response may stimulate T cells that are not specific for the pathogen.
2. Molecular mimicry - Ag of microbes mimic or cross-react with self which causes the Abs made to the foreign to also recognize self 3. Exposure of sel-Ag that are normally concealed from the immune system (i.e. Goodpasteurs syndrome). |
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HLA subtype linked to RA?
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DR4
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HLA subtype linked to IDDM?
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DR3/DR4
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HLA subtype linked to MS?
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DR2
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HLA subtype linked to SLE?
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DR2/DR3
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HLA subtype linked to Celiac?
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DQ2/DQ8
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Dz linked to HLA B27
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PAIR
Psoriasis Ankylosing Spondylitis IBD Reiter's |
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Dz linked to HLA DR5?
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Pernicious anemia
Hashimoto thyroiditis |
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Disorder associated with ANA?
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SLE
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Disorder associated with Anti-dsDNA, Anit-Sm
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Specific for SLE
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Disorder associated with Anti-histone
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Drug-induces SLE
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Disorder associated with Anti-IgG
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RA
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Disorder associated with c-ANCA?
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Vasulitis i.e. Wegners
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Disorder associated with p-ANCA
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Vasculitis i.e. microscopic polyangitis
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Disorder associated with Anticentromere Ab?
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CREST
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Disorder associated with Anti-Scl-70 Ab?
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Scleroderma (diffuse)
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Disorder associated with Antimitochondrial Ab?
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Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBS)
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Disorder associated with Antiggladin Ab
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Celiacs
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Disorder associated with Anti-basement membrane
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Goodpasteur's sybdrome
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Disorder associated with Anti-epithelial Ab?
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Pemphigus vulgaris
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Disorder associated with Antmicrosomal Ab?
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
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Disorder associated with Anti-Jo-1 Ab
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Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis |
