Hyperlipidemias

Front 1

Function of lipoprotein lipase

Back 1

digest apoproteins and release free fatty acids

Front 2

Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype I?

Back 2

Hyperchylomicronemia due to an absolute deficiencey of lipoprotein lipase

Front 3

Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype I:

1. Cholesterol levels?

2. Triglyceride levels?

3. What does it look like when looking at serum or plasma?

Back 3

1. Cholesterol levels are normal

2 .Triglycerides are greatly increased

3. Looks creamy

Front 4

Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype IIa

Back 4

Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) = multiple genetic abnormalities leading to deficient or defective LDL receptors (both liver and capilaries)

Front 5

Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype IIa:

1. Cholesterol levels?

2. Triglyceride levels?

3. Major health outcome?

Back 5

1. LDL and cholesterol increased (TC = 700)

2. Normal triglycerides

3. premature CAD

Front 6

Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype III:

1. Cholesterol levels?

2. Triglyceride levels?

3. Mechanism?

4. Major health outcome

Back 6

Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia:

1. Increased cholesterol

2. Increased triglycerides

3. Incomplete catabolism of chylomicrons and VLDL particles

4. peripheral vascular disease and CAD

Front 7

What is pathognomonic for Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype III

Back 7

hallmark is looking at the hands and looking for fawn color deposits yellow-orange deposits in the crease marks of the hands

Front 8

Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype IV:

1. Mechanism?

2. Triglyceride levels?

3. What does the plasma look like?

Back 8

Familial Endogenous Hypertriglyceridemia:

1. Accumulation of VLDL in plasma

2. Triglycerides in the 200 to 500 mg/dL range (<150 is normal)

3 . milky or "opalescent"

Front 9

Hyperlipoproteinemia Phenotype V:

1. What accumulates?

2. Triglyceride levels?

3. What disease is it associated with?

Back 9

Familial Hypertriglyceridemia:

1. Triglycerides and VLDL

2. Triglycerides are >500 mg/dL

3. Associated w/Diabetes

Front 10

Lipoprotein(a) and it's relationship to CHD

Back 10

Variant of LDL

A risk marker for cardiovascular disease for both black and white ARIC subjects especially when > 40 mg/dL

Front 11

What are the 7 risk factors for CHD identified by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)?

Back 11

1. Male sex (Sorry, Matt!)
2. Age: male > 45, female > 55 (unless no estrogen)

3. Family history (MI in M<55, F<65)

4. Current cigarette use
5. Hypertension (BP > 140/90 or on treatment)
6. Diabetes
7. HDL Chol < 35 mg/dL

Front 12

1. What patients are considered high risk according to 2013 ACC/AHA Guidelines on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk and Treatment of Blood Cholesterol?

2. What is their treatment?

3. What is the goal of this treatment?

Back 12

1. Patients with CHD, CVD, PVD, DM, FH (LDL-C ≥190 - know this number)

2. Treat with statin whenever possible
3. Goal (not mandatory) LDL-C <100 mg/dl

Front 13

If patients do not fall into the high risk category but have risk factors, what do you do?

Back 13

Age 40-75 with LDL-C 76-189 mg/dl:

-Encourage healthy lifestyle

-Calculate 10% year forward risk probability.

-If ≥7.5% initiate statin therapy.

Front 14

When do you use "non-statin" therapy?

Back 14

Non-statins may be used in high risk patients to further reduce LDL-C levels per clinician judgment

Front 15

Do you treat to a target number for cholesterol levels?

Back 15

No, you treat based on risk

Front 16

Lipid content of chylomicrons?

Back 16

exogenous Triglycerides

Front 17

Lipid content of VLDL

Back 17

endogenous Triglycerides and phospholipid

Front 18

Lipid content of IDL

Back 18

esterified cholesterol and phospholipid

Front 19

Lipid content of LDL

Back 19

triglyceride and esterified cholesterol

Front 20

Lipid content of HDL

Back 20

phospholipid and cholesterol

Front 21

What apoplipoprotein recognizes the LDL receptor?

Back 21

B100 and E

Front 22

What apoplipoprotein recognizes the HDL receptor?

Back 22

A-I and A-II

"A's are the good guys and B's are the bad guys"