Hydrotherapy (Physical Agents)

Front 1

via Direct Contact

Back 1

CONDUCTION

Front 2

examples of conduction

Back 2

HOT & COLD PACKS, ICE MASSAGE AND PARAFFIN

Front 3

via moving fluid/molecules

Back 3

CONVECTION

Front 4

examples of convection

Back 4

FLUIDOTHERAPY,

HYDROTHERAPY,

AQUATIC EXERCISE

Front 5

transformation of liquid to gas

Back 5

EVAPORATION

Front 6

examples of evaporation

Back 6

VAPOCOOLANT SPRAY,

SWEAT

Front 7

transformation of heat into electromagnetic waves

Back 7

RADIATION

Front 8

example of radiation

Back 8

INFRARED

Front 9

heat loss of ENVIRONMENT TEMP>BODY TEMP

Back 9

HEAT LOSS IS THROUGH EVAPORATION

Front 10

heat loss of BODY TEMP>ENVIRONMENT TEMP

Back 10

HEAT IS LOST THROUGH CONDUCTION, CONVECTION, RADIATION

Front 11

therapeutic rang of heating modalities

Back 11

40-44 DEGREES

Front 12

standard size hmp

Back 12

10''X12''

Front 13

half size hmp

Back 13

5''X12''

Front 14

cervical size hmp

Back 14

24''x6.5''

Front 15

lumbar size hmp

Back 15

24''x15''

Front 16

jumbo size hmp

Back 16

24''x30''

Front 17

water temperature of the hydrocolloid unit

Back 17

71 degrees Celsius

Front 18

treatment time of hmp, and check every

Back 18

20-30 minutes and check ever 5-10 minutes

Front 19

how many layers of Turkish Towel?

Back 19

6-8 LAYERS

Front 20

ratio of the wax oil in the paraffin wax

Back 20

7:1

Front 21

melting point if the wax in PWB

Back 21

50-55 degrees Celcius

Front 22

self sterilizing point of the PWB

Back 22

60-65 degrees Celcius

Front 23

immersion time in PWB

Back 23

20 minutes

Front 24

most effective technique in PWB

Back 24

IMMERSION

Front 25

how many times should you dip in the PWB

Back 25

6-10 TIMES

Front 26

a slow transmission technique of heat and tolerable for the pt.

Back 26

DIP+REIMMERSE TECHNIQUE

Front 27

least effective technique in PWB

Back 27

BRUSHING TECHNIQUE

Front 28

treatment time of PWB

Back 28

20 MINUTES

Front 29

(+) sediments in the PWB

Back 29

replace wax

Front 30

what are the normal body Response to Heat

Back 30

VASODILATION

HYPEREMIA

INCREASE CIRCULATION

ANALGESIA (washing away pain metabolites)

ACCELERATION OF METABOLISM

INCREASE IN NCV

Front 31

what are the Pain Metabolites

Back 31

"BaHaLaPo"

BRADYKININ

HISTAMINE

LACTIC ACID

PROSTAGLANDINS

Front 32

for every 10 degrees celsius rise, increase metabolism by 2-3x

Back 32

VANT HOFFS LAW

Front 33

General Indications of Heat

Back 33

1. CHRONIC INJURY

2. PAIN

3. MS SPASM/GUARDING

4. DECREASED TISSUE EXTENSIBILITY

Front 34

Contraindications of Heat

Back 34

1. HEAT INTOLERANCE

2. ACUTE SENSATION

3. VERY YOUNG/OLD

4. DVT

5. MALIGNANCY

6. IMPAIRED SENSATION

Front 35

therapeutic range of cryotherapy

Back 35

0-10 degrees Celsius

Front 36

treatment time of cryoptherapy

Back 36

5-10 minutes

Front 37

use of shillings n ot beyond 5 minutes

Back 37

ICE TOWEL

Front 38

provides the greatest magnitude of tissue cooling 3-10 minutes depending on Tx Area

Back 38

ICE MASSAGE

Front 39

a spray that doesnt decrease swelling

Back 39

VAPOCOOLANT SPRAY

Front 40

vapocoolant spray ANGLE

Back 40

30-45 degrees

Front 41

vapocoolant spray DISTANCE

Back 41

18-24 inches

Front 42

vapocoolant spray RATE

Back 42

2-4 inches/seconds

Front 43

what are the normal response to cold

Back 43

1. VASOCONSTRICTION

2. CHANGES IN SENSATION (CBAN)

3. DECREASE NCV

Front 44

initial reflex constrict > dilate after 9-15 minutes

Back 44

LEWIS HUNTING RESPONSE

Front 45

indications of Cryotherapy

Back 45

1. ACUTE INJURY

2. PAIN

3. MUSCLE FACILITATION

4. MUSCLE INHIBITIONS

Front 46

quick icing

Back 46

muscle facilitation

Front 47

prolong application of ice

Back 47

muscle inhibition

Front 48

contraindications of cryotherapy

Back 48

1. COLD HYPERSENSITIVITY

2. RAYNAUDS DISEASE

3. CRYOGLOBULINEMIA (blood>gel like)

4. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA (have low 02 supply)

5. COLD URTICARIA (allergic response to cold)

Front 49

alternating hot and cold and vascular exercise

Back 49

CONTRAST BATH

Front 50

Braddom Values for Contrast bath

Back 50

TO DECREASE SWELLING AND FOR SUB ACUTE STAGE

Hot: 4 mins, 50-55 degrees celsius (START)

Cold: 1 minute, 10-15 degrees celsius (END)

1 cycle = 5 minutes

Front 51

Wadsworth Values for Contrast bath

Back 51

TO INCREASE CIRCULATION AND FOR CHRONIC STAGE

Hot: 3 minutes,100-110 degrees Fahrenheit (START & END)

Cold: 1 minute, 50-55 degrees Fahrenheit

1 cycle = 4 minutes

Front 52

upward thrust is equal to the volume of fluid that is displaced and provides relative weightlessness and unloads the joint

Back 52

ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE

Front 53

C2 weight bearing percentage with immersion in bouyancy

Back 53

10%

Front 54

Xiphoid Process weight bearing percentage with immersion in bouyancy

Back 54

33%

Front 55

ASIS weight bearing percentage with immersion in bouyancy

Back 55

50%

Front 56

amount of weight loss in symphysis pubis during buoyancy

Back 56

40%

Front 57

amount of weight loss in umbilicus during buoyancy

Back 57

50%

Front 58

amount of weight loss in xiphoid process during buoyancy

Back 58

60%

Front 59

pressure exerted by water to the immersed object

Back 59

HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

Front 60

water exerts equal amount of pressure at a specific level, reduces edema secondary to assist in venous return

Back 60

PASCAL'S LAW

Front 61

highest hydrostatic pressure

Back 61

UPRIGHT

Front 62

at the surface, water acts as membrane under tension

Back 62

SURFACE TENSION

Front 63

ability of water to stick to water (H20-H20)

Back 63

COHESION

Front 64

ability of water to stick to other molecules (H20-other molecules)

Back 64

ADHESION

Front 65

a slow flow in hydromechanics

Back 65

LAMINAR FLOW

Front 66

a fast flow in hydromechanics (increase speed>increase resistance)

Back 66

TURBULENT FLOW

Front 67

a cumulative effects of turbulence + viscosity in hydromechanics

Back 67

DRAG