Hy Embryology 09 Part 2

Front 1

Describe the mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts and tubules

Back 1

1. The mesonephric ducts develop in the female as part of the urinary system because these ducts are critical in the formation of the definitive metanephric kidney. However, they degenerate in the female after formation of the metanephric kidney

2. Vestigial remnants of the mesonephric ducts may be found in the adult female, called the appendix vesiculos and Gartner's duct

3. Vestigial remnants of the mesonephric tubules, called the epoophoron and the paroophoron, may be found in the adult female

Front 2

What is the epoophoron?

Back 2

Vestigial remnants of the mesonephric tubules

Front 3

What is the paroophoron?

Back 3

Vestigial remnants of the mesonephric tubules

Front 4

What is the appendix vesiculosa?

Back 4

Vestigial remnants of the mesonephric ducts that may be found in the adult female

Front 5

What is Gartner's duct?

Back 5

Vestigial remnants of the mesonephric ducts that may be found in the adult female

Front 6

When the the mesonephric (Wolffian) ducts degenerate?

Back 6

After the formation of the metanephric kidney

Front 7

Describe the development of the Primordia of External Genitalia

Back 7

1. A proliferation of mesoderm around the cloacal membrane causes the overlying ectoderm to rise up so that three structures are visible externally, which include the phallus, urogenital folds, and labioscrotal swellings

2. The phallus forms the clitoris (glans clitoris, corpora cavernosa clitoris, and vestibular bulbs)

3. The urogenital folds form the labia minora

4. The labioscrotal swellings form the labia majora and mons pubis

Front 8

What does the labia majora form from?

Back 8

The labioscrotal swellings

Front 9

What does the mons pubis form from?

Back 9

The labioscrotal swellings

Front 10

What does the clitoris form from?

Back 10

The phallus

Front 11

What does the labia minora form from?

Back 11

The urogenital folds

Front 12

Describe Hydatid cyst of Morgagni

Back 12

Arises from the hydatid of Morgagni, which is a remnant of the paramesonephric duct

Front 13

Describe Kobelt's cyst

Back 13

Arises from the appendix vesiculosa, which is a remnant of the mesonephric duct

Front 14

Describe Cyst of the epoophoron (type II)

Back 14

Arises from the epoophoron, which is a remnant of the mesonephric tubules

Front 15

Describe the cyst of the paroophoron

Back 15

Arises from the paroophoron, which is a remnant of the mesonephric tubules

Front 16

Describe Gartner's duct cyst

Back 16

Arises from the duct of Gartner, which is a remnant of the mesonephric duct

Front 17

Describe Mullerian hypoplasia or agenesis anomalies

Back 17

These involve the paramesonephric ducts and can result in vaginal, cervical, uterine, uterine tube, or combined anomalies

Possible anomalies include:
1. Lower vagina agenesis
2. Cervix agenesis
3. Uterus and cervix hypoplasia
4. Uterine tube agenesis

Front 18

Describe unicornuate uterus anomalies

Back 18

Unicornuate uterus anomalies occur when one paramesonephric duct fails to develop in incompletely develops

Possible situations include
1. Unicornuate uterus with a communicating rudimentary horn
2. Unicornuate uterus with a noncommunicating rudimentary horn
3. Unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn containing no uterine cavity
4. Unicornuate uterus. A hysterosalpinography would show a single lenticular-shaped uterine canal one one side with no evidence of a rudimentary horn on the other.

Front 19

Describe Didelphys (double uterus) anomalies

Back 19

Didelphys (double uterus) anomalies occur when there is a complete lack of fusion of the paramesonephric ducts

Possible situations are
1. Didelphys with normal vagina
2. Didelphys with a complete vaginal septum

Front 20

Describe bicornuate uterus anomalies

Back 20

Bicornuate uterus anomalies occur when there is partial fusion of the paramesonephric ducts

Situations include
1. Bicornuate uterus with complete division down to the internal os
2. Bicornuate uterus with partial division

Front 21

Describe septate uterus anomalies

Back 21

Septate uterus anomalies occur when the medial walls of the caudal portion of the paramesonephric ducts partially or completely faile to resorb

Possible situations include
1. Septate uterus with complete septum down the external os
2. Septate uterus with partial septum

Front 22

Describe diethylstilbestrol-related anomalies

Back 22

1. Diesthystilbestrol was used until 1970 in the treatment of abortions, preeclampsia, diabetes, and preterm labor

2. For female offspring exposed to DES in utero, an increased incidence of vaginal and cervical adenocarcinoma has been documented

2. In addition, many uterine anomalies, including T-shaped uterus have been observed