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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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oldowan
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ethiopia
2.4 mya, oldest single blow of 2 rock against another to create sharp edge flakes made from crystalline stone (knew rock types); flakes made from single core stone Homo habilis |
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Archeulean
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East central africa
1.5 mya, homo ergaster and homo erectus chip stone from both sides for symmetrical cutting; required stregnth and skill teardrop used as hand axes |
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Mousterian
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200,000-40,000 years ago
Europe, Near East, Africa blade is struck off, shape rock before striking it more labor intensive; edges could be reshaped and sharpend specialized shapes |
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Upper Paleolithic
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40,000-12,000 years ago
Asia, Africa greatery complexity, adaptations to specific materials, hunting of different ecologies and social economies |
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Ambrose
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hand and brain co-productive of evolutionary change
complex tool making= fine motor skills, task solving, planning influenced frontal lobe |
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Neolithic
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=New Stone Age
hunter gatherers began to farm, THE major break in history; led to settling, larger populations, more tools |
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Neolithic cultures
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some highly centralized; god-kings or priest kings; bureacracies with writing systems, militaries; coerced labor
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Bronze Age
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copper, tin, gold locted at surface outcroppings, easily mined, soft
hammered into arrowheads, cooking pots, bronze, jewerly clay still more important |
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Neolithic classes
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ppl who didnt work with hands= top of heirarchy; having other hands at ur service
slavery: people as machines labor intensive and craft intensive |
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pyramids
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extraordinary techinical and architecture accomplishments
Great Pyramid largest solid stone structure ever built engineers understood math large state run projects= surplus of idle workers available |
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Greece, science vs. technology
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seen as entirely separate activites
Science= elite citizens with leisure time who rejected practical applications of their work Engineers= artisans, skilled but socially inferior; sometimes slaves |
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mind work vs. hand work
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all practical work assocaited with slavery... making and doing was associated with slavery; scientists not curious about it
to know how something was done, had to mingle with slaves |
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dis incentives with technology
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-slaves= no ned for mechanics
-no conception that technical change=wealth (no capitalism) -no literacy among artisan class -artisans guarded technical knowledge as trade secrets (knowledge not passed on) |
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Antikythera Mechanism
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bronze greek astronomical clock
only discovered cuz of shipwreck, no written record model of how sun, moon, planets moved in relation to each other |
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Roman technology
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military centered culture: techn. advancement began when with things slaves couldnt do
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Archimedes Screw
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1st practical invention can attribute to specific inventor
wring water from 1 place to another |
