Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Olmecs
|
people that lived in swampy area with large cities, traded, shortage of raw materials, used stone
|
|
|
Teotihuacan
|
first major city in Central America, northeast of Mexico city, capital with many farming and trading inhabitants of Olmec peoples, city was burned
|
|
|
Avenue of Dead
|
strip of palaces and temples
|
|
|
Pyramid of the Sun
|
dominated palaces and temples, rising four stories
|
|
|
Mayans
|
warriors, artists, inventors of calendar, used hieroglyphs
|
|
|
human sacrifice
|
to appease gods, ceremonial occasion
|
|
|
Palenque
|
place where tombstone of Pacal with writing was found
|
|
|
Pacal
|
came to throne at young age, ruled whole life, sons were successors, "divine"
|
|
|
Tikal
|
urban center with large population
|
|
|
Decline of Mayans
|
possibly invasion, disaster, or overused land, overall mystery
|
|
|
Itzamna
|
Mayan's supreme god
|
|
|
Toltecs
|
warlike, builders, brought metal working to Mesoamerica, controlled for several centuries, divided when Spanish arived
|
|
|
Tula
|
center of Toltec empire
|
|
|
Huitzilopochti
|
Aztec's god of war
|
|
|
aqueduct
|
type of well, brought fresh water from afar
|
|
|
Aztecs
|
warriors, leaders, polytheistic peoples, traders, had slaves, arranged marriages
|
|
|
Aztec government
|
monarch, governed by local lords, ruler was "divine," family successors, prime minister, received a tribute from conquered lands, loose gov. led to decline
|
|
|
Ometeol
|
Aztec's supreme god, controlled heavens
|
|
|
Quetzalcoatl
|
god of learning and virtrue, told story about Kukulcan
|
|
|
Tenochtilan
|
Aztec's sacred district with shrine and pyramid of steps
|
|
|
Kakulcan
|
"feathered serpent," Toltec prince,
|
|
|
Tlaloc
|
god of rain
|
|
|
Huitzilopochtli
|
god of sun, if appeased then wouldn't end the world
|
|
|
Decline of Aztecs
|
Tlaxcala civilization from east wanted independence, Spanish force made allies, attacked city after revolution
|
|
|
Moctezuma
|
Aztec monarch, believed Cortes was god
|
|
|
Hernan Cortes
|
leader of Spanish troops, trained soldiers, attacked Aztecs
|
|
|
Moche
|
border of Ecuador, urban center, capital, no written language, kingdom of Chimor
|
|
|
Inca people
|
"ruler people", small community at Cuzco in Peru, military state
|
|
|
Pachakuti
|
Inca's divine leader, created expanded empire, temple dedicated to sun, divided empire into quarters with roads, bridges, and communication runners
|
|
|
Topa Inca & Huayna Inca
|
Pachakuti's successors
|
|
|
Litters
|
covered couches used fro carrying officials
|
|
|
Quechua
|
language of the Inca
|
|
|
quipu
|
records using system of knotted strings
|
|
|
Inca's entertainment
|
wrote/performed plays about history, actors were townspeople, wrote poetry, played music
|
|
|
Francisco Pizarro
|
Spanish conqueror with expedition of weapons, soldiers, and horses
|
|
|
Decline of the Inca
|
smallpox, emperor died, civil war
|
|
|
Lima
|
new colony for Spanish empire
|
|
|
Marco Polo
|
explorer that traveled to China and Japan for 25 years, wrote The Travels
|
|
|
Motives for Exploration
|
economic, religious, expanding territory "god, gold, glory"
|
|
|
Prince Henry the Navigator
|
Portugese, created navigation school, reached Senegal River, sold African slaves
|
|
|
Vasco de Gama
|
Portugese, made profit of ginger, destroyed Muslim's shipping
|
|
|
Admiral Alfonso d' Albuqueque
|
Portuguese, set up port headquarters at coast of Goa, conquered Arabs, goal: to conquer Malacca
|
|
|
Malacca
|
thriving port, major stopping point for spice trade
|
|
|
Portuguese's Reasons for Success
|
guns, naval teachnology, seamanship skill
|
|
|
Christopher Columbus
|
Spanish explorer from Italy, persuaded queen to sail to Asia different route in 1492, reached Americas
|
|
|
Queen Isabella
|
granted Christopher Columbus's expedition
|
|
|
Amerigo
|
America "New World"
|
|
|
Treaty of Tordesillas
|
divide land between Portuguese (Africa) and Spanish (Atlantic)
|
|
|
John Cabot
|
discovered New England Coast
|
|
|
Pedro Cabral
|
discovered South America
|
|
|
conquistador
|
Spanish conquerors
|
|
|
encomienda
|
right for settlers to use natives as laborers, settlers would protect them
|
|
|
Bartolome de Las
|
helped conquer Cubans, then became monk, stood up for natives
|
|
|
Lives of Natives
|
disease, starvation, death, taxed, forced to convert Catholic religion (supervised)
|
|
|
Conqueror's Impact
|
developed parishes, schools, hospitals, original civilizations destroyed, gold/goods were taken from mines of Peru
|
|
|
New Rivals
|
English, Dutch, French
|
|
|
Dutch East/West India Company
|
government formed, colonized North America, became bankrupt
|
|
|
English's Empire
|
North America, colonies, growing population
|
