Huron: Sweet Anticipation (Part Ii)

Front 1

Hick-Hyman Law of Learning

Back 1

-processing of familiar stimuli is faster than processing of unfamiliar stimuli
-if we assume that people expect more familiar stimuli, than also says that perception is more efficient for expected stimuli

Front 2

Saffran experiment

Back 2

-participants hear melodies made up of 3-note figures
-after, presented with 2 figures, ask which one seems more familiar
-shows that we can learn unconsciously and statistically, grouping notes with higher transition probabilties next to each other, forming boundaries where probability is low
-controlled for tonality: of 2 after figures, what was unfamiliar for one group was familiar vocabulary for control group

Front 3

tactus

Back 3

the basic beat that forms the most salient periodic pulse evident in a musical passage; usually corresponds to spontaneous tapping rate

Front 4

rhythmic attending theory

Back 4

listener's attention is most acute at strong metric positions

Front 5

rhythmic attending experiment

Back 5

listeners were most accurate in judging whether or not 2nd tone was higher or lower than 1rst tone after distractor tones when 2nd tone occured on downbeat

Front 6

definition of meter

Back 6

hierarchy of event patterns: events more likely to occur on downbeat, other positions in the measure

Front 7

hypermeter

Back 7

in larger time scales, still a hierarchy or event occurence; evidence of beginning of 1 -4 measures having highest number of note onsets from multiple instruments in Haydn quarter

Front 8

m-dependency theory

Back 8

branch of information theory that characterizes long-range statistical relationships between events;

Front 9

long-range contingent expectation

Back 9

do some events influence other events that are more distant in time? Bach preludes do, most likely because of melodic lines filled in with ornaments.

Front 10

Huron definition of schema

Back 10

An expectational "set" which provides an encapsulated behavioral or perceptual model that pertains to some situation or context.
Ex. major and minor modes

Front 11

what is context cueing?

Back 11

the brain relies on both environmental markers and inductive failures to figure out which schema it should apply

Front 12

what is the speed of schema switching likely linked to?

Back 12

most likely linked to past experience (evidence of bilingual speakers)