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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Who wrote Deconstructing the Serengeti, questioning scientists imagining the EEA has completely analagous to the Serengeti Savannah?
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Martha Tappen in 2001 for Stanford & Bunn's Meat-Eating and Human Evolution book. She got her PhD from Harvard, Prof at Univ MN (archeology) in 2012, research interests: Out of Africa 1, stone age, etc.
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What is the "savannah hypothesis" according to Martha Tappen (#44)
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Dart's explanation of the emergence of early man/Austrolopithecines. Change in environment (to Savannah) forced replacement of fruits with meat.
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What is the PNV?
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Park National des Virunga located in the Western Rift Valley. It is a central African savanna that Martha Tappen believes may be a better analog to the EEA than the Serengeti.
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What is the major difference, according to Martha Tappen (#44), between the Serengeti and the PNV?
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Permanent fresh water thus no large migrations of ungulates. The PNV is "dominated by reduncines". But this does NOT mean there is enough scavengable meat for Scavenging hypothesis to hold true. (Used walking/searching trips to test Scavenging hypothesis).
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Reduncines
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tribe of antelope type animals
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Lacustrine
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to the side of a lake
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The FLK at Olduvai
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Frida Leakey Korongo site
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Developed Oldowan A vs B
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From Bed II at Olduvai: Developed A has no bifaces. B has less than 40 % bifaces. Sites with greater than 40% bifaces are considered Acheulean
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In Leakey #42 she drops the term hand-axe for...
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bi-faces pg 3
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According to Isaac, what are the two schools of thought on why tools differ?
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By function or by cultural tradition. But he wonders why different materials available not further studied.
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Glynn Isaac's theory of hominid evolution is not __________ but _________
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Not additive but concurrent. Not successive or a chain reaction. Integrated; an adaptive complex.
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What are the components of Glynn Isaac's hominid adaptive, functional complex?
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Hunting, food-sharing, division of labor, and use of home base.
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Define stochastic.
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Containing or being a random variable. (Think of the insurance example, where they run thousands of simulations with different variables varied- then they look at the avg outcomes).
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According to Isaac, why didn't Acheulean tools change for 1 million years over 3 continents?
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Due to "features of the cultural trnasmission systems as well as with neurophysiological limitations on the craftsmens' inventiveness." pg 29
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According to Isaac, why is it difficult to judge hominid site use from the tools found?
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Because important tools would have been taken with them.
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What does Isaac (#45) think is problematic about Lower paleolithic 'cultural traditions'?
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That there is no one index tool per function/type that others cluster around in time or in space - thus no 'traditions' to speak of. This is not true of the Upper paleolithic which shows cultures evolving (evidently) quite nicely.
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According to Isaac, what are the two schools of thought on why tools differ?
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By function or by cultural tradition. But he wonders why different materials available not further studied.
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Isaac #45
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Glynn Isaac's theory of hominid evolution is not __________ but _________
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Not additive but concurrent. Not successive or a chain reaction. Integrated; an adaptive complex.
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Isaac #45
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What are the components of Glynn Isaac's hominid adaptive, functional complex?
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Hunting, food-sharing, division of labor, and use of home base.
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Isaac #45
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Define stochastic.
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Containing or being a random variable. (Think of the insurance example, where they run thousands of simulations with different variables varied- then they look at the avg outcomes).
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Isaac #45
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According to Isaac, why didn't Acheulean tools change for 1 million years over 3 continents?
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Due to "features of the cultural trnasmission systems as well as with neurophysiological limitations on the craftsmens' inventiveness." pg 29
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Isaac #45
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According to Isaac, why is it difficult to judge hominid site use from the tools found?
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Because important tools would have been taken with them.
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Isaac #45
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What does Isaac (#45) think is problematic about Lower paleolithic 'cultural traditions'?
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That there is no one index tool per function/type that others cluster around in time or in space - thus no 'traditions' to speak of. This is not true of the Upper paleolithic which shows cultures evolving (evidently) quite nicely.
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Isaac #45
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