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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is freeze-thaw weathering? |
Freeze-Thaw weathering is when water/ice splits up a rock into two or more pieces. Water gets into a crack in a rock and freezes, which widens the rock. When the ice melts away, the rock breaks into several pieces. |
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What is onion skin weathering? |
Onion skin weathering is when a rock repeatedly heats up and cools down. When it is heated, the outer layers of the rock expand. They contract as they cool down. |
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What is biological weathering? |
Biological weathering is when plants or animals change the shape of the land. Rocks are broken up by burrowing animals and tree roots. |
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What is chemical weathering? |
Chemical weathering is when acid rain wears away rocks. Acid rain causes the rock to rot and crumble away. |
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What are landforms? |
Landforms are natural features formed by water, ice, volcanic activity and the tectonic plates. They are always changing as they can be built up or worn down. |
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What are some examples of landforms created by rivers? |
Some examples of landforms created by rivers are: -Valleys -Waterfalls -Riverbends |
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How do v-shaped valleys form? |
1. The river erodes downwards. 2. The steep sides of the river are attacked by weathering, which causes the rocks to break up and loosen. 3. The loosened stones slowly creep down the slopes because of gravity. The river carries them away.
The result is a v-shaped valley. |
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How do waterfalls form? |
1. Flowing water from a river breaks up the softer rocks beneath it. 2. The hard rock above the softer rock is undercut. 3. The harder rock collapses into the lake beneath and the waterfall moves back.
As this process repeats, the waterfall backs away. |
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How does a riverbend form? |
River bends form because of the eroding power of the water. When a river goes around a bend, the force of the water hits a bank and causes erosion. This erosion creates a small river cliff. On the opposite side of a river cliff, there is a small slope. |
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What are some examples of landforms created by the sea? |
Some examples of landforms created by the sea are: - Headlands - Spits - Beaches - Islands |
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How do headlands form? |
1. The sea attacks small cracks on a rock and opens them 2. The cracks get larger and develop into a small cave 3. The cave wears through the rock, creating an arch. |
