Humanities Greek Chapter

Front 1

Kouros

Back 1

Ancient Greek statue of a standind nude man.

Front 2

Kore

Back 2

Ancient Greek statue of a standing clothed woman.

Front 3

Contrapposto

Back 3

an asymmetrical positioning of the human body in which the weight rests on one leg, elevating the hip and opposite shoulder. S shaped.

Front 4

in the round

Back 4

a statue that is meant to be seen ALL the way around. No flat surfaces.

Front 5

chryselphantine

Back 5

statue made of gold and ivory over wood

Zeus for the temple of Zeus at Olympia.

Anthena for the Parthenon.

Front 6

carayatids

Back 6

female figures used as architectural supports.

Ex. Porch of the Maidens.

Front 7

gigantomachy

Back 7

400 foot long frieze. Battle of the gods and the giants. Hellenistic period, Altar of Zeus, Pergamon.

Front 8

Canons of proportion

Back 8

Polykleito's rules for sculpting the ideal human form.

Front 9

krytios boy

Back 9

Turning point between the Archaic style and the classical style. 1st to demonstrate contraposto. No smile.

Front 10

reliefs

Back 10

a sculpture attached to a solid background, rather than freestanding.

Ex. Procession of Figures-Frieze

Front 11

strigil

Back 11

object used to scrape off oil from olympic game participants.

Front 12

polykleitos

Back 12

Canons of proportions , classic contraposto. Doryphoros/Spear Bearer

Front 13

acropolis

Back 13

high point of the city

Front 14

agora

Back 14

market place

Front 15

stoas

Back 15

a freestanding portico-roofed colonnades, shops, court house, council chamber.

Front 16

Erectheion

Back 16

holiest site on the acropolis, only temple built asymmetrically, as a split level, most complex.

Porch of the Maidens.

Never finished.

Front 17

Temple of Athena

Back 17

four iconic columns. Smallest site, served as a bank, treasury. wet drapery

Front 18

propylaea

Back 18

entrance gate

Front 19

tholos

Back 19

circular domed room built by corbelled construction. Beehive.

Front 20

Capital

Back 20

decorative top part of a column that suports the entablature.

Front 21

Echinos-

Back 21

rounded, cupped section. Middle section of capital.

Front 22

Abacus

Back 22

flat square disc. Top part of capital.

Front 23

pediment

Back 23

Triangular section that contains 3-D sculpture viewed as 2-D, high relief.

Front 24

entablature

Back 24

the horizontal 'lintel' between 'posts' & triangle, comprised of architrave. Connects column and frieze. Doric columns.

Front 25

stylobate

Back 25

the top step before column.

Front 26

acanthus

Back 26

leaves on corinthian columns for capitals. Hellenistic age.

Front 27

frieze

Back 27

horizontal (above architrave) containing bas (low) relief sculpture.

Front 28

Entasis

Back 28

the 'swelling' or bulging of a Doric column 1/3 up from base. To make column look even from far away.

Front 29

tryglyphs

Back 29

alternating segments of 3 vertical lines, meant to simulate wood. Doric order.

Front 30

metope

Back 30

alternating segments of bas relief sculpture in doric order.

Front 31

flutes

Back 31

concave come to sharp edge between each column.

Front 32

drums

Back 32

individual sections fitted and held together by wooden or metal dowels/pegs in holes.

Front 33

Homer

Back 33

blind poet, presumed to have composed The Iliad & the Odyssey.

Front 34

Bard

Back 34

an oral story-teller who sang/chanted.

Front 35

dramatic irony

Back 35

the audience knows more than the characters know.

Front 36

tragedy

Back 36

"goat song" for Dionysus who was associated with the goat.

Front 37

orchestra

Back 37

the dancing place

Front 38

Oedipus

Back 38

swollen foot

Front 39

Oedipus Complex

Back 39

according to Freud: a boy grows up competing with his father for his mother's attention, and affection, so much that the boy at times hates his rival father enough to wish him dead. Conversely, his feelings for his mother are rooted in his unresolved desire for sexual gratification with her.

Front 40

Hamartia

Back 40

moral-warns against self-reliance, one cannot circumvent fate, the gods. Arrogance.

Front 41

Hubris

Back 41

excessive pride, arrogance was his fatal flaw.

Front 42

odyssey

Back 42

a long journey.

Front 43

the Iliad

Back 43

-tales of Ilios-the wrath of Achilles. Trojan war.

Front 44

Parthenoi

Back 44

Virgins

Front 45

parthenon

Back 45

temple for Athena Parthenos. 9:4 ratio.

Front 46

Zeus

Back 46

god of lightening, sky weather

Front 47

Hera

Back 47

wife of Zeus goddess of marriage and domestic stability. Offered Paris power

Front 48

Poseidon

Back 48

god of the sea, earthquake maker.

Front 49

Hades

Back 49

god of the underworld. married to Persephone

Front 50

Athena

Back 50

goddess of wisdom, war, and arts and crafts.

Offered Paris victory in war.

Front 51

Apollo

Back 51

son of Zeus, sun god, archer, musician, god of truth, light and healing. Intellectual beauty. Bad with women.

Front 52

Aphrodite

Back 52

daughter of Zeus. goddess of love and physical beauty. Offered Paris the love of the most beautiful woman in the world: Helen of Troy.

Front 53

Dionysus

Back 53

god of wine,

Front 54

nemesis

Back 54

Avenging goddess, retribution

Front 55

The three Graces

Back 55

daughters of Zeus, happy life and always considered a single unit

Front 56

Nine Muses

Back 56

daughters of Zeus. spirits of learning and the arts.

Front 57

Three Fates

Back 57

Allotted to each man his destiny.

Front 58

The underworld is ruled by

Back 58

Hades

Front 59

To get to the underworld must cross a river and met a boatman

Back 59

Charon, stix river

Front 60

Cerberus

Back 60

is a three headed dog that would eat humans.

Front 61

Epidaurus

Back 61

Holy shrine for healing, best preserved theather still used today.

Front 62

Father of tragedy

Back 62

Aeschylus

Front 63

Best known Greek playwright

Back 63

Euripides

Front 64

Plays showing people as they OUGHT to be

Back 64

Sophodes

Front 65

Plays showing people as they are

Back 65

Euripides

Front 66

Perfect tragic hero acording to Aristotle

Back 66

Oepidus

Front 67

Play/playwright who mocked war, power of women

Back 67

Lysistrata by Aristophane

Front 68

Father of Modern Archeology

Back 68

Heinrich Schleimann

Front 69

Titans descended from

Back 69

Ouranos-Father Heaven

Gaea-Mother Earth

Front 70

Father of the Olympian gods

Back 70

Kronos