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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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On average, how long does a species persist in the fossil record before disappearing (going extinct)? |
~1 million years |
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What is the major characteristic of natural extinction? |
That it is replaced (usually by being outcompeted) by a different species that is typically genetically related and in a similar niche |
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True or false: when a species goes extinct naturally, there is an overall trophic change in the community. |
False: there is no overall trophic change in the community |
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Give an example of a complete changeover in terms of extinction |
The extinction of the large dinosaurs and replacement by mammals and birds |
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What is more prone to extinction: rare or common species? |
Rare species |
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What is more prone to extinction: species with poor or good dispersal abilities? |
Those with poor dispersal abilities |
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What is more prone to extinction: Species with high or low specialization? |
Species with high specialization |
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What is more prone to extinction: Those with a high or low population variability? |
Those with a high population variability |
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What is more prone to extinction: a low or high trophic status? |
A high trophic status |
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What is more prone to extinction: Species with low or high reproductive abilities? |
Low reproductive abilities |
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What 4 birds that we looked at went extinct from hunting? |
1. Great Ak 2. Passenger Pigeon 3. Eskimo Curlew 4. Mauritius Dodo |
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Of the 91 Hawaiian Honeycreeper species, how many are extinct and how many are endangered? |
51 spp are now extinct and the other 40 are endangered |
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Of the 1126 Hawaiian endemic plants, how many are now extinct? |
90 spp are now extinct
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Why did the Carolina Parakeet go extinct? |
It was overhunted for its feathers |
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Of the 10 endemic bird species in Cebu, Philippines, how many are now extinct in the last 50 years? |
9/10 |
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Describe the relationship between extinction rates and island sizes? |
As island sizes increase, extinction rates decrease |
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How many mammal species (both numbered and percentage) are currently threatened? |
1199 (26%) |
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How many bird species (both numbered and percentage) are currently threatened? |
1373 (13%) |
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How many amphibian species (both numbered and percentage) are currently threatened? |
1957 (41%) |
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How many extinct species have been documented since the 1500s? |
765 extinct species |
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From bottom to top, what does each bar represent? |
Habitat Loss Exotic species Pollution Overexploitation Disease |
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What is the expected population of the Earth in 2048? |
9 billion |
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What year was Yosemite Valley protected as a Park by Abraham Lincoln? |
1864 |
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What year was Yellowstone established as a Park? |
1872 |
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What year was the concept of the Biosphere developed by the Austrian Suess? |
1875 |
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What year was Banff National Park established? |
1885 |
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What year was Jasper National Park established? |
1907 |
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What year was Mount McKinley National Park established? |
1917 |
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What year was the International Union for the Protection of Nature (IUCN) fully established with 181 countries? |
1948 |
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What year was Serengeti Park established? |
1951 |
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What year did the first Earth Day occur? |
1970 |
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What year was the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species enacted? |
1975 |
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What are the three classifications (appendices 1, 2, and 3) in the CITES enactment? |
Appendix 1: threatened with extinction; need permits (Tiger, leopard, jaguar, cheetah, chimpanzee, gorilla, red panda, and Asiatic elephant) Appendix 2: Not threatened but vulnerable; no permits required (great whites, African grey parrot, green iguana, Bigleaf mahogany) Appendix 3: Not threatened |
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What year was the ecological footprint idea first established? |
1992 |
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What is the average ecological footprint in canada (in global hectares per person) |
8.8 global hectares per person |
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What is the number of biologically productive global hectares per person that exist worldwide? |
2.1 global hectares per person |
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What does the IUCN define a protected area as? |
An area dedicated to the protection/maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, that is managed through legal or other effective means |
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What are the 6 IUCN protected area management categories and their definitions? |
1. Strict nature reserve/wilderness area a. Strict nature reserve: for science b. Wilderness area: for wilderness protection 2. National/Provincial Parks: for ecosystem protection/recreation 3. National monument: for conservation of specific natural features 4. Habitat/species management area: for conservation through management intervention 5. Protected scapes: for scape conservation and recreation 6. Managed resource protected area: for sustainable use of natural ecosystems |
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What top 3 countries have the greatest percentage of protected areas? |
1. Seychelles (93.79%) 2. Slovakia (72.36%) 3. Greenland (44.95%) |
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How much of Canada is protected? |
~9% |
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How many areas are protected in BC? |
>1000 |
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Of the 100 terrestrial ecosections in B.C., how many of them are in each category: 0-1%, 1-3%, 3-6%, 6-12%, and >12% of their area protected? |
0-1%: 34 ecosectons 1-3% 12 3-6%: 11 6-12%: 16 >12%: 27 |
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How much of the mid elevation old growth is protected? How much of the low elevation oldgrowth is? |
Mid-elevation: 11% Low-elevation: 3% |
