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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is it important to maintain extracellular H ion concentration?
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Because every metabolic reaction in body are highly sensitive to Concentration of H ion. The body works hard to maintain this concentration.
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What is pH =?
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log (1/[H+])
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What is produced when glucose or fats are fully oxidized in presence of oxygen?
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CO2
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What does CO2 and H20 generate?
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H+ ion
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How much CO2 do our longs produce everyday?
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15,000 mmols
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What are the steps of anaerobic glycolysis?
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Glucose -> pyruvate -> lactate
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What are the major sources of acid in body?
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Oxidation of fuels, Anaerobic glycolysis, metabolism of cysteine, and metabolism of phosphoproteins
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What isthe major buffer system of the ECF?
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Bicarbonate buffer system - it is an extracellular buffer. H accepts H + and drives reverse reaction. H neutralizes most of H+ ion but there is a limit
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What is the equation of Henderson Hasselback?
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pH = pK + log (HCO3-/.03 * PaaCO2)
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How do we get normal pH?
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normal rates of base to acid
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What are the three major buffer systems in the renal tubule?
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Filtered bicarbonate, filtered phosphates, ammonium
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How does ammonium work as buffer system in renal tubular fluid?
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Deaminating amino acid glutamate to excrete NH4 to get rid of H ion
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What is the normal pH for arterial blood?
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7.32 - 7.42
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What is the acceptable venous pH?
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7.35
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What is urine pH?
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It can be alkaline or acidic. Kidneys are powerful regulator of this balance. The decision of secretion is based on total [H+]. 4.5 - 8.0
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What is normal intracellular pH?
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6.0 - 7.4
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What are three ways to buffer H ion and maintain normal pH?
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1. Body Buffer System - proteins bind to H ion. Body minerals are key defense mechanism in long term chronic situations of acidosis. This is fast, immediate response.
2. Respiratory Buffer System - exhaling CO2, Fas response system that can regulate the elimination of volatile acids 3. Renal regulation - takes time but most powerful regulator. They can excrete alkaline or acidic urine. |
