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3 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ferguson, Hashtroudi, & Johnson
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Young and old hear a list of words
• 2 possible sources: female speakers #1 and #2 2 tests • Word test (recognition) • Source test o Source test requires associating a particular item to a speaker Results • No age difference in memory for words • But older adults have a hard time remembering the source Interpretation Older people have more source failure |
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Roediger & McDermott
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Procedure (DRM paradigm)
• Related words presented to subjects • Words were all related to one “critical lure” that never appeared Results • Confidence ratings o Very sure when recognizing studied words and FALSELY recognizing related, non-presented items |
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Koutstaal
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• When both perceptual and conceptual information is present, older adults may primarily focus on the semantic or conceptual information
Procedure Younger and older adults asked to learn lists of similar abstract shapes Each shape in a list was related to a “critical lure” that was never presented Main manipulation No labels • Half of the subjects only saw the shapes Labels • Half of the subjects saw the shapes and “disambiguating information” Predictions Pay more attention to perceptual information • No age difference between label or no label conditions Pay more attention to conceptual information • Older adults would be more likely to say “yes” to a critical lure if they were given a label • No age difference in the no label condition Results With no labels, older adults performed at the same level as younger adults With labels, older adults were much more likely than younger adults to say “yes” to critical lure |
