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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Human development is the scientific study of blank in behavior, thinking, emotion, and personality. page 3
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age related changes
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By the second half of the twentieth century what did behavioral scientist knowledge about age-related changes?
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In the second half of the twentieth century, behavioral scientist began to acknowledge that important age-related changes occur across the entire human lifespan
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3. According to philosopher Augustine of Hippo, how is the influence of the inborn tendency toward selfishness reduced?
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Humans must seek spiritual rebirth and submit themselves to religious training.
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4. What is the empiricist view of human development espoused by the 17th –century English philosopher John Locke? page 3
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Empiricism is the view that humans possess no innate tendencies and that all differences among humans are attributable to experience. He also referenced a child’s mind like a blank slate.
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5. According to Ozman & Craver (1986), what is the innate goodness view, espoused by philosopher Jean-Jacque Rousseau?
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He claimed that all human beings are naturally good and seek out experiences that help them grow
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6. According to Rousseau what do children need in order to reach their full potential?
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Rousseau believed that children need only nurturing and protection to reach their full potential
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7. What were the first organized studies of human development called and who did them? page 4
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The baby biographies and Darwin with like-minded scientist documented their own children’s developments.
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. What do the critics of baby biographies claim
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Critics that studying children for the purpose of proving a theory might cause observers to misinterpret or ignore important information
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. In an effort to understand developmental milestones in children developmentalists should identify blank, average ages at which milestones are reached, according to G. Stanley Hall.
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norms
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Arnold Gesell suggested the term blank to describe genetically programmed sequential patterns of change.
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maturation
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. What was the life expectancy of an American living at the beginning of the 20th Century?
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49 years old
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What is the most rapidly growing age-group in the industrialized world? page 4
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100 years old
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What is the Lifespan Perspective, according to Baltes, Reese, & Lipsitt (1980)? page 4
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Maintains that important changes occur during every period of development
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14. List and explain the three key elements emphasized by the lifespan perspective. page 4-5
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Plasticity- individuals of all ages possess the capacity for positive change in response to environmental demands
Interdisciplinary- research from different kinds of disciplinary perspectives is needed to fully understand lifespan development Multi-contextual nature of development- individuals development occurs within several interrelated context |
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15. What is one of Baltes most important contributions to the study of human development? page 5
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One of the most important contributions to the study of human development is his emphasis on the positive aspects of advanced age
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