Human Gross Anatomy

Front 1

What is the Scapula?

Back 1

AKA- The Shoulder Blade
The Bone that connects the Humerus (arm bone) to the Clavicle (collar bone).
Rough bone that is sort of triangular in shape.

Front 2

Name components of the Scapula

Back 2

Spine, Acromion, Glenoid cavity, Coracoid process, Inferior/Superior/Lateral Angles which are attached to the body wall by a heavy musculature.

Front 3

What is the Clavicle?

Back 3

AKA-The Collar Bone
It's a long bone that makes up part of the shoulder girdle (pectoral girdle). The only long horizontal bone in the human body.

Front 4

What does the Clavicle connect with?

Back 4

It connects the arm (upper limb) to the body (trunk), located directly above the first rib. Medially, it articulates with the manubrium of the sternum (breast-bone) at the sternoclavicular joint. At its lateral end it articulates with the acromion of the scapula (shoulder blade) at the acromioclavicular joint. It has a rounded medial end and a flattened lateral end.

Front 5

What is the Humerus?

Back 5

AKA-Long Bone of the Arm (Arm Bone)
It runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It fits between the scapula and the ulna.

Front 6

What is the Trapezius?

Back 6

It's a large Superficial Muscle on a person's Back. It is innervated by the accessory nerve (CN 11) and the branches of C3 and C4.

Front 7

What is the Blood Supply for the Trapezius Muscle?

Back 7

The Superficial Branch of the Transverse Cervical Artery from the Thyrocervical Trunk from Subclavian.

Front 8

What are the Rhomboid Muscles?

Back 8

They are rhombus shaped muscles associated with the Scapula and are chiefly responsible for its Retraction. There are 2 Rhomboid Muscles:
1. Rhomboid Major
2. Rhomboid Minor

Front 9

What is the origin of the Minor Rhomboidei Muscle?

Back 9

From the lower part of the ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes C7, T1.

Front 10

What is the origin of the Major Rhomboidei Muscle?

Back 10

From the spinous processes of T2-5. It's insertion is on the medial border of the scapula.

Front 11

What is the Accessory Nerve?

Back 11

It's a nerve that controls specific muscles of the neck.
It is believed to originate in the brain and is considered a cranial nerve.

Front 12

What is the Transverse Cervical Artery?

Back 12

It's a branch of the thyrocervical trunk, running at a higher level than the suprascapular artery.

Front 13

What is the Latissinus Dorsi Muscle?

Back 13

It is the large, flat, triangular, dorso-lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm and partly covered by the spinotrapezius on its median dorsal region.

Front 14

What is the Levator Scapulae Muscle?

Back 14

It is situated at the back and the side of the neck.

Front 15

What is the origin of the Levator Scapulae Muscle?

Back 15

It originates from the transverse processes of the upper 4 cervical vertebrae.

Front 16

Where does the Levator Scapulae Muscle insert?

Back 16

It inserts on the superior angle and the upper part of the medial border of the scapula.

Front 17

What is meant by "Winging of the Scapula"?

Back 17

The phrase is used to refer to an individual who appears to have wings on their back, because their long thoracic nerve is damaged and the vertebral border of the scapula protrudes dorsally.

Front 18

What is the origin of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle?

Back 18

The spines of the lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia by which it is attached o all the lumbar and sacral spinous processes, to the supraspinous ligaments, and to the posterior part of the crest of the ilium, the lower 4 ribs, and a few fibers from the inferior angle of the scapula.

Front 19

What is the insertion of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle?

Back 19

On its way to insertion it twists sharply around the teres major and is attached to the floor (and/or medial lip) of the intertubercular groover.

Front 20

What is the innervation of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle?

Back 20

The Thoracodorsal Nerve, from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus C 6,7,8

Front 21

What is the Dorsal Scapular Nerve?

Back 21

It arises from the brachial plexs, usually from the plexus root of C5.

Front 22

What does innervation refer to?

Back 22

The nerve supply, usually to a specific part of the body.

Front 23

Which muscles participate in the Elevation & Depression of the Scapula?

Back 23

1. Elevation= the Levator Scapulae & Trapezius
2. Depression= the Serratus anterior & Pectoralis Minor

Front 24

Which muscles participate in the Protraction & Retraction of the Scapula?

Back 24

1. Protraction= the Serratus Anterior & Pectoralis Minor
2. Retraction= the Trapezius & Rhomboids

Front 25

Which muscles participate in the Forward (upward)/Lateral Rotation of the Scapula?

Back 25

The Trapezius & Serratus Anterior are prime movers

Front 26

Which muscles participate in the Medial/Downward Rotation of the Scapula?

Back 26

It is affected by Gravity and is brought about through the action of the Rhomboids, Levator Scapulae and Pectoralis Minor.

Front 27

What is the Pectoralis Major?

Back 27

It is a thick, fan-shaped muscle situated at the upper front (anterior) of the chest wall. It makes up the bulk of the chest muscles in males and lies below the breasts of females.

Front 28

Where does the Pectoralis Major originate?

Back 28

Approximately medial 2/3 of the Clavicle, Sternum, Upper 6 Costal Cartilages and by a small slip from the Aponeurosis of the External Abdominal Oblique.

Front 29

Where does the Pectoralis Major insert?

Back 29

At the Crest of the Greater Tubercle or Lateral Lip of the Intertubercular Groove.

Front 30

What is the Pectoralis Minor?

Back 30

It is a thin, triangular muscle situated at the upper part of the chest, beneath the Pectoralis Major.

Front 31

Where does the Pectoralis Minor originate?

Back 31

From the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs

Front 32

Where does the Pectoralis Minor insert?

Back 32

From the Coracoid Process of the Scapula

Front 33

What is the Serratus Anterior Muscle?

Back 33

It's a muscle that originates on the surface of the upper eight ribs at the side of the chest and inserts along the entire anterior length of the medial border of the scapula.

Front 34

What is the Serratus Posterior Superior Muscle?

Back 34

It's a thin, quadrilateral muscle, situated at the upper and back part of the thorax.

Front 35

What is the Serratus Posterior Inferior Muscle?

Back 35

It's a muscle that lies at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar regions. It arises from the vertebrae T11 through L3 and runs superolaterally to attach to the lower border of the 9th through 12th ribs.
It is situated at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar regions: it is of an irregularly quadrilateral form, broader than the serratus posterior superior muscle, and separated from it by a wide interval.