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31 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
animism
a belief that natural objects may be the abode of dead people, spirits, or gods who occasionally give the objects the appearance of life.
Buddhism
a universalizing religion, primarly of eastern and central Asia, based on teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, that suffering is inherent in all life but can be relieved by mental and moral self-purification
caste
one of the hereditary social classes in Hinduism that determines one's occupation and position in society
Christianity
a monotheistic, universalizing religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ and of the Bible as sacred scripture
creole
A language developed from a pidgin to become the native tongue
dialect
a language variant marked by voacabulary, grammar, and pronunciation differences from other variants of the same common language.
ethnic religion
a religion identified with a particular ethnic group and largely exclusive to it.
geographic (regional) dialect
language variations that are specific to spaces or regions.
Hinduism
an ancient and now dominant value system and religion of India, closesly identified with India culture but withouth central creed, single doctrine, or religious organization
Islam
a monotheistic universalizing religion that includes belief in Allah as the sole deity and in Mohammed as his prophet completeing the work of earlier prophets in Christianity and Judaism
isogloss
a mapped boundary line marking the limits of a particular linguistic feature
Judaism
a monotheistic, ethnic religion first developed among the Hebrew people of the ancient Near East; its determining conditions include descent from Israel (Jacob), the Torah (law and scripture), and tradition
language
the system of words, their pronunciation, and methods of combination used and mutually understood by a community of individuals
language family
a group of languages thought to have descended from a single, common ancestral tongue
lingua franca
any of various auxiliary languages used as common tongues among people of an area where several languages are spoken
linguistic geography
the study of local variations within a speech area by mapping word choices, pronunciations, or grammatical constructions
monotheism
the belief that there is but a single God
multilingualism
the common use of two or more languages in a society or country
offical language
a governmentally designated language of instruction, of government, of the courts, and other official public and private communication
pidgin
an auxiliary language derived, with reduced vocabulary and simplified structure, from other languages. Not a native tongue, it is used for limited communication among people with different languages
polytheism
belief in or worship of many gods
religion
a personal or institutionalized system of worship and of faith in the sacred and divine
secularism
a rejection or indifference to religion and religious practice
shamanism
a form of tribal religion based on belief in a hidden world of gods, ancestral spirits, and demons responsive only to a shaman or interceding priest
social dialect
a dialect indicative of socioeconomic or educational levels
speech community
a group of people having common characteristic patterns of vocabulary, word arrangement, and pronunciation
toponym
a place name
toponymy
the place names of a region or, especially the study of place names
tribal (traditional) religion
an ethnic religion specific to a small, localized preindustrial culture group
universalizing religion
a religion that claims global truth and applicability and seeks the conversion of all humankind
vernacular
the nonstandarad indigenous language or dialect of a locality