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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biological weapons were used in...
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both World Wars (I & 2)
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Biological weapons in WWI were used by...
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the German army attempting to sicken animals being shipped to Britain, France, and Russia with glanders and anthrax--unsuccessfully
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Biological weapons in WWII were used by...
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The British military to produce a stockpile of 5 million "cattle cakes"--each contained 5x10^8 anthrax spores to be dropped over German pastures--but never deployed them
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Only use of biological weapons in WWII was used by...
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Japanese army to target Chinese troops and civilians; Dropped plague-infected fleas from airplanes; released plague-infected rats into Chinese cities
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Biological weapons are...
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banned by international law
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The 1925 Geneva Protocol banned...
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the use of biological or chemical weapons in war; legal to possess these weapons
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The Biological Weapons Convention banned...
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development, production, and stockpiling of pathogens and toxins in amounts in excess of what is necessary for peaceful, medical, and other uses
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Biocontrol is...
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the use of pathogens or predators to reduce pest populations
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One of the most widely used biocontrol agents is...
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the Bacillus thuringiensis caterpillar toxin (Bt)
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Bacillus thuringiensis is...
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An aerobic, endospore-forming, Gram-positive, soil bacterium
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Crown Gall Disease is the result of...
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gene transfer from an infecting soil bacterium to the genome of the plant host
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens is...
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a rod shaped Gram-negative bacterium binds pectin molecules at a plant wound sites synthesizing cellulose fibrils to anchor them in a biofilm to the plant cell
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Recombinant DNA--Protein Expression is...
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the isolation and expression of non-microbial genes in microbes for the purpose of commercial production
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Recombinant DNA uses bacterial plasmids ad bacterial DNA modification enzymes to..
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cut and paste fragments of DNA from different organisms--then move and express these genes in microbes
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the first products of recombinant DNA technology were...
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Human insulin, hepatitis B antigen, and human interferon
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The first microbe used for gene isolation and recombinant expression was...
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E. coli--due to its well-characterized plasmids, phage, and metabolism
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Despite its well understood genetics and metabolism...
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E. coli is ill-suited for large-scale production of pharmaceutically pure recombinant molecules
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Recombinant DNA led to...
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Synthetic Biology
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As the recombinant DNA toolbox grew knowledge of the genetic regulation (controls) and metabolically diversity (abilities) of microbes has grown...
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the idea of DNA as a cell's software (wetware) running the cell (hardware) has taken hold
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Synthetic Biology is...
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the design and construction of new biological parts, devices, and systems/the re-design of existing, natural biological systems for useful (to humans) purposes
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