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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the levels of organization.
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Cells - Tissues - Organs - Organ Systems
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How many organ systems are there in the human body?
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11
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The eleven morgan systems of teh human body work together to maintain ___________ in the body as a whole.
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Homeostais
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Nervous System
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Recognizes and coordinates the body's response to chanes in its internal and external environments.
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Integumentary System
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Serves as a varrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection aganist the ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
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Repiratory System
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Provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body.
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Digestive System
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Coverts food into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body; absorbs food; eliminates wastes.
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Excretory System
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Elimates waste products from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis.
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Skeletal System
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Supports the body; allows movement; stores mineral resources; proviedes a site for blood cell formation.
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Muscular System
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Works with skeletal system to produce a voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food throught the digestive system.
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Circulatory System
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Brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infection; removes cell wastes; helps to regulate body temperature.
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Endocrine System
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Controls growth, development, and metabloism; maintains homeostasis.
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Reproductive System
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Produces reproductive cells; in females, nurtures and protects developing embryo.
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Lymphatic/Immune System
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Helps protect teh body from disease; collets fluid lost from blood vessels and resturns the fluid to the circulatory system.
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What are the 4 types of tissue?
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Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle
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Epithelial tissue..
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includes glands and tissues that cover the interior and exterior body surfaces
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Connective tissue..
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provides support for the body and connects it's parts
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Nervous tissue..
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transmits nerve impulses throughout the body
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Muscle tissue..
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along with bones, allows the body to move
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What is homeostasis?
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It is the process by which organisms keep internal conditions relatively constant despite changes in external environmetns.
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What is feedback inhibition?
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The process in which a stimulus produces a response that oppose the original stimulus.
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A home heating system is an example of what?
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Feedbhack inhibition.
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Communication between two nerve cells takes place at?
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Synapse
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Communication between two nerve cells is called?
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come back
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What is a joint?
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A place where one bone attaches to another bone
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Depending on the type of movement what are the different classifications of joints?
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Immovable, Slightly moveable, freely moveable
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Immovable joint..
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Also called fixed joints, allow no movement. The bones are interlocked and held together by connective tissue. EX: where the bones and the skull meet
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Slightly Moveable joint..
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Small amount of restricted movement, bones are seperated from each other. EX: Between the two bones of the lower leg and the joints between the adjacent vertabrae
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Freely Moveable joint..
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Allow movement in one or more directions. There are 4 differnet types of Freely Movemable joints. EX: Elbow, Arm, Shoulder
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What are the 4 types of Freely moveable joints?
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Ball-and-Socket, Hinge, Pivot, Saddle
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Ball-and-socket joint..
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Allow movement in many directions. They allow the widest range of movement of any joint. EX: Shoulder
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Hinge joint..
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Allow back and forth movement, like the opening and closing of a door. EX: Knee
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Pivot joint..
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Allow one bone to rotate around another. EX: Elbow
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Saddle joint..
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Allow one bone to slide in two directions. EX: Hand
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What is cartlidge?
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A connective tissue
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Cells that make up cartilage are scattered in a network of protein fibers including..
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Collagen and Flexible Elastin
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The skeletong of an embryo is composed almost entirely of?
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Cartilage
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What connects skeletal muscles to bones?
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Tendons
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What is a tendon?
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Tough connective tissue that connects skeletal muscles to bones.
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What holds bones together at a joint?
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Ligaments
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What is a ligament?
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They hold bones together in a joint, and are attached to the membranes that surround bones. They are located on the first layer of the joint capsule.
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What does synovial fluid do?
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It is a thin film on the cartilage that covers the bony surfaces that form the joint.
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How many layers are in a joint capsule?
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Two
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How many types of tissues are thier?
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Three
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What are the different types of muscle tissue?
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Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac
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Skeletal..
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Usually attached to bones, and are responsible for voluntary movements. Found in the leg.
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Smooth..
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Usually not under voluntary control. Found in the digest tract.
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Cardiac..
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Foudn only in the heart. Not under voluntary control.
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What is Muscle Tissue?
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Found everywhere inside the body. Muscles.
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Where is the epidermis?
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The outer layer of the skin.
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What layer of your skin is made up of dead skin cells?
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The epidermis.
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What is keratin?
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A tough fiberous protein made in the inner layer of the epidermis.
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What is melanin?
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Dark brown pigment, that helps protect the skin from damage by absorbing ultraviolet rays from the sun.
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