M1 - Cells, Tissue And Body Function

Front 1

Homeostasis

Back 1

Process of maintaining constant internal environment - relevant to all body systems.

Front 2

Cells

Back 2

Most basic unit of life and is considered the building block of the human body

Front 3

Cilia

Back 3

Small hair-like projections

Front 4

Flagella

Back 4

Tail-like structure that aid movement. Similar in structure to Cilia

Front 5

Nucleus

Back 5

Responsible for cell's metabolism, growth and reproduction. Controls the activities of the cell and helps it to divide.

Front 6

Chromosomes

Back 6

Microscopic bodies that carry the genes that determine hereditary characteristics.

Front 7

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Back 7

Cell's blueprint or genetic make-up.

--Each segment of DNA is located in the specific site on the chromosome.

Front 8

Five Stages of Mitosis

Back 8

--Prophase

--Prometaphase

--Metaphase

--Anaphase

--Telophase

Front 9

Meiosis

Back 9

Cellular division of reproductive cells

Front 10

Four types of Tissues

Back 10

--Epithelial

--Connective

--Muscle

--Nerve

Front 11

Epithelial Tissue

Back 11

Outer layer of skin, covering for surface of organs

Function: absorption, secretion & protection

Front 12

Connective Tissue

Back 12

Most abundant tissue in body.

--Function: support and connect organs and other body tissues

Front 13

Three types of Muscle Tissue

Back 13

Specialized ability to contract and relax muscles

--Three Types:

--Striated (Voluntary) - controlled by person's will

--Smooth (Involuntary) - autonomic

--Cardiac Muscle - heart muscles

Front 14

Nerve Tissue

Back 14

Rapid communication.

--Specialized ability to react to stimuli and to conduct electrical impulses

Front 15

Phagocytosis

Back 15

Cell engulfs a solid particle, such as bacteria

Front 16

Pinocytosis

Back 16

Cell "drinks" the fluid required

Front 17

Active Transport

Back 17

Requires Cellular energy

***Cellular energy used in Active transport is Adenosine Triphosphate ATP

Front 18

Genetics

Back 18

Study of hereditary makeup of animals or plants

Front 19

Heredity

Back 19

Genetic transmission from parent to child

Front 20

Genetic Disorder (2)

Back 20

--Albinism / ADHD / Cleft Plate / Color Deficiency

--Cystic Fibrosis / Down Syndrome / Hemophilia

--Muscular Dystrophy / Phenylketonuria (PKU)

--Sickle Cell Anemia / Spina Bifida / Talipes

--Tay-Sachs Disease

Front 21

Major Body Cavities

Back 21

--Dorsal Cavity

--Ventral Cavity

--Regions of Thorax and Abdomen

Front 22

Dorsal Cavity

Back 22

Cranial and Spinal cavity

Front 23

Ventral Cavity

Back 23

Contains organs that maintain homeostasis

--Thoracic Cavity (chest)

--Abdominal Cavity (Abdomen)

--Pelvic Cavity (reproductive)

Front 24

Nine parts of the Thorax and Abdomen

Back 24

--Right and Left Hypochondriac regions (ribs)

--Epigastric region (above stomach)

--Right and Left Lumbar regions (spine)

--Umbilical Region (belly button)

--Right and Left Iliac Regions (hip bones)

--Hypogastric Region (below stomach)

Front 25

Quadrants of the Abdomen

Back 25

--Right Upper Quadrant - RUQ

--Left Upper Quadrant - LUQ

--Right Lower Quadrant - RLQ

--Left Lower Quadrant - LLQ

Front 26

Endocrine Gland

Back 26

Produce hormones, do NOT have ducts. Secreted directly into bloodstream and then transported to organs and structures.

Front 27

Pathology and Procedures of Glands

Back 27

--Adenitis (inflammation of gland)

--Adenocarcinoma (malignant tumor in gland)

--Adenoma (benign tumor in gland)

--Adenomalacia - abnormal softening of gland

--Adenosis - any disease of gland

--Adenosclerosis - hardening of gland

--Adenectomy - surgical removal of gland

Front 28

Epidemic

Back 28

Sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area

Front 29

Pandemic

Back 29

Outbreak of a disease occurring over a large area, possibly worldwide

Front 30

Organ System

Back 30

--Respiratory

--Nervous

--Digestive

--Circulatory

Front 31

Cell System

Back 31

--Epithelial Cells

--Nerve Cells

--Muscle Cells

Front 32

Organelle Note

Back 32

Cell Structure that controls every organelle in cytoplasm and contains Chromatin

Front 33

Passive Transport

Back 33

Doesn't require energy but does require diffusion, osmosis and filtration

Front 34

Diffusion

Back 34

Movement of dissolved particles

Front 35

Osmosis

Back 35

Form of diffusion

Front 36

Filtration

Back 36

Requires some form of pressure to diffuse dissolved particles

Front 37

Cellular Organelle Types

Back 37

--Ribosomes

--Golgi Apparatus

--Mitochondria

--Lysosomes

--Centrioles

Front 38

Ribosome Function

Back 38

Responsible for production of protein

Front 39

Golgi Apparatus Function

Back 39

sorts, modifies, and transports proteins

Front 40

Mitochondria Function

Back 40

Powerhouse of the cell.

--Responsible for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Front 41

Lysosomes Function

Back 41

Considered the "stomach" of the cell

Front 42

Centrioles Function

Back 42

involved in cellular division

Front 43

Integumentary System

Back 43

Protective outer membrane, temperature regulator and sensory receptor

Front 44

Skeletal System

Back 44

Shape, support and protection

Front 45

Muscular System

Back 45

Produce movement, maintain posture

Front 46

Nervous System

Back 46

Transmits impulses

Front 47

Endocrine System

Back 47

produce hormones

Front 48

Cardiovascular System

Back 48

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide, delivers nutrients to body in blood and removes waste products

Front 49

Blood and Lymphatic System

Back 49

Transports oxygen and carbon dioxide, chemical substances and white blood cells that protect against disease

Front 50

Respiratory System

Back 50

Furnishes oxygen by breathing, removes gaseous waste product and carbon dioxide

Front 51

Digestive System

Back 51

Digestion, absorption and elimination

Front 52

Urinary System

Back 52

Produces, transports and eliminates urine.

Front 53

Reproductive System

Back 53

Cycle of life.

Front 54

Factors leading to development of disease and disorders

Back 54

Age, genetic predisposition and environmental influences