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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What organs form the GI? |
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines and anus. |
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What are the accessory structures of the digestive system? |
the teeth, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. |
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Rythmic contractions that propel food towards the colon and anus is called what? |
peristalsis |
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what is digestion? |
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food |
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How do enzymes function in the digestive system? |
by breaking down proteins, carbs, and fats into nutrients that can be absorbed through the wall of the intestine into the bloodstream. |
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This enzyme from the salivary glands begins chemical digestion of carbohydrates. |
salivary amylase. |
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Cells in the stomach lining secrete what? |
mucus for lubrication, protease to begin protein digestion, hydrochloric acid, and intrinsic factor, which increases the stomachs absorption of vitamin B12. |
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What are the 3 parts the small intestine can be divided into? |
the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. |
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Which part of the small intestine receives food and chemicals from the stomach and what hormones does it release? |
the duodenum releases secretin and CCK. |
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This part of the small intestine continues from the duodenum and is where most of the nutrients are absorbed into the blood. |
The jejunum |
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This part of the small intestine continues from the jejunum an is where the rest of the nutrients are absorbed: |
the ileum |
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What is the livers role in digestion? |
To produce bile. |
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What stores and releases bile? |
the gallbladder |
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What is the pancreas role in digestion? |
It secretes the enzymes that digest food, the hormones insulin and glucagon. |
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What happens in the large intestine? |
No digestion takes place, it absorbs water and some leftover vitamins. |
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From the stomach the food passes to the small intestine via the: |
pyloric sphincter |
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Absorption of nutrients in the small intestine occurs through these finger like projections: |
villi |
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Which intestine absorbs most of the water (80%)? |
the small intestine |
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The large intestine also resorbs water through what two processes? |
osmosis and ions reclaimed from feces. |
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The remaining products of digestion that are not absorbed are transported where? |
to the colon |
