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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is oxygen carried in the blood?
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Carried in red blood cells and latching onto haemoglobin. Flows through capillaries, red blood cell gives up oxygen and oxygen diffuses into the cell.
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How is carbon dioxide carried in the blood?
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Combines with 'globin' and becomes 'carbaminohaemoglobin.' While flowing though capillaries, CO2 diffuses into plasma. Then diffuses out of blood and into alveolous.
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What is blood flow?
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Blood flow caters to changes in cell requirements.
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How can blood flow to an organ be increased?
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Relaxing the muscle in the artery walls called vasolidation.
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How does blood flow change during exercise?
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When exercising, the heartbeat increases therefore the rate of blood flow increases.
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What is atrial systole?
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Atria contracts and forces remaining blood into ventricles.
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What is ventricular systole?
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Atria relax and refill. Ventricles contract then forces blood into arteries.
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What is diastole?
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The atria and ventricle resting phase while they fill with blood. Valves between open.
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What is a pacemaker?
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Sinoatrial node - collection of nerves in the wall of right atrium. Begins cardiac cycle with nerve impulses.
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Describe the structure of a red blood cell.
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No nucleus to leave room for haemoglobin molecules. Biconcave disc - increases surface area for oxygen exchance.
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Describe structure of an artery?
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Smooth walls with elastic fibres that stretch to accommodate more blood. Recoils when ventricles relax to keep blood moving and maintain pressure.
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Structure of the heart?
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Enclosed in pericardium which holds heart in place. Made up of muscle, arteries, capillaries and veins.
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What is hypertension?
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High blood pressure.
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What is atherosclerosis?
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Degeneration of walls of the arteries.
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