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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 muscle types?
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Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal.
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What 2 functions do all muscle types have in common?
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1. Excitable – contract in response to chemical/ electrical signals.
2. Mechanism of Action - Contract (shorten) & Relax (original length |
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What is a sacromere?
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The portion of a myofibril between two Z lines.
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Sacromeres contain what two filaments?
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Thick and Thin.
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Muscle contraction is dependent on what?
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On the interaction between thick and thin filaments.
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Where are thin filaments located?
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They are attached to the Z disks.
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Where are thick filaments located?
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Located entirely with in the sarcomere, where it stretches between two thin filaments.
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What are thin filaments?
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2 strands of Actin molecules that spiral around each other.
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What are thick filaments?
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Many Myosin molecules.
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What is the fist key to muscle contraction?
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Skeletal muscle must be activated by a nerve.
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What is the second key to muscle contraction?
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Nerve activation increases Ca concentration in the vicinity of the contractile proteins.
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What is a the third key to muscle contraction?
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Presence of Ca permits contraction & its absence prevents contraction.
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What is the fourth key to muscle contraction?
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When a muscle cell is no longer stimulated by a nerve, contraction ends.
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The first step to muscle contraction is...?
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Action potential(AP) causes Acetylcholine (Ach) to be released, which binds to Muscle cell.
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The second step to muscle contraction is...?
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Ach binding causes an AP to be generated on the muscle cell which spreads out
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The third step to muscle contraction is...?
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AP reaches the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) & causes Ca to be released.
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The fourth step to muscle contraction is..?
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Ca binds to Troponin, & exposes myosin binding sites.
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The fifth step to muscle contraction is...?
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Thick & Thin filaments form cross-bridges & a power stroke occurs.
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The sixth step to muscle contraction is...?
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ATP (myosin) breaks down causing myosin to change shape
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The seventh step to muscle contraction is..?
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ATP binds to myosin causing the thick & thin filaments to seperate
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After step seven of muscle contraction, if Ca is present the cycle will ______. And if it is absent ___________.
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1. Repeat the cycle (steps 5-8). 2. The cell will relax.
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Muscle cells store enough ATP for approximately how long?
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10 seconds.
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Once the stored ATP is used in a muscle cell, in what order does it obtain more ATP?
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1. Creatin-P. 2. Glycogen. 3. Aerobic metabolism of Glucose, FA & Lactic Acid..
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What is the most efficient use of long term ATP?
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Aerobic metabolism of Glucose, FA & Lactic Acid.
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What are the two types of skeletal muscle fibers?
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Slow twitch and fast twitch.
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The ratio of fiber types in any one muscle depends primary on _____.
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The function of the muscle.
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Which muscles provide voluntary movement?
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Slow twitch and fast twitch.
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Which muscles provide involuntary movement?
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Cardiac and smooth.
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Which muscle contains pacemaker cells?
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Cardiac Muscle.
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