Human Bio Chapter 15 & 16

Front 1

The ________ secretes hormones that are released into the bloodstream to effect target cells.

Back 1

endocrine system

Front 2

______ glands that secrete products directly into the bloodstream without ducts and _____ glands possess ducts and secrete their products into their ducts.

Back 2

Endocrine, exocrine

Front 3

Which of the following hormones is/are not secreted by the anterior pituitary?

Back 3

oxytocin

Front 4

The gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH) are produced by the:

Back 4

anterior pituitary

Front 5

T3, T4, and calcitonin are produced by the _____.

Back 5

thyroid glands

Front 6

The posterior pituitary gland produces:

Back 6

ADH and oxytocin

Front 7

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced by the:

Back 7

adrenal medulla

Front 8

Insulin and glucagon are secreted by the ____________.

Back 8

pancreas

Front 9

Steroid hormones are derived from ________.

Back 9

cholesterol

Front 10

What influenced Julie's Siamese cat to produce milk when she had kittens?

Back 10

oxytocin being released from the hypothalamus and stimulating the release of milk.

Front 11

Mike was exhibiting excessive urine production or polyuria. This is a symptom of diabetes insipidus and is related to the inability of the posterior pituitary to produce the proper amount of _________.

Back 11

antidiuretic hormone

Front 12

The hormone TSH produced by the anterior pituitary serves to:

Back 12

stimulate the thyroid gland

Front 13

Nathan was below the growth curve and was not able to produce the necessary amount of growth hormone. He was diagnosed with ______.

Back 13

pituitary dwarfism

Front 14

The hypothalamus regulates the anterior pituitary via:

Back 14

releasing hormones

Front 15

The hypothalamic-releasing hormones directly control the:

Back 15

anterior pituitary

Front 16

Which of the following structures is not stimulated by the anterior pituitary?

Back 16

adrenal medulla

Front 17

The ________ gland is the largest endocrine gland located in the neck region and attached to the trachea below the larynx.

Back 17

thyroid

Front 18

The thyroid gland releases the hormones _____________.

Back 18

All of the choices are correct.

Front 19

In some inland regions where seafood is not plentiful, people may suffer from an iodine deficiency known as ____.

Back 19

goiter

Front 20

Janet's eyes bulged, she became hyperactive and nervous, and could not sleep. She was diagnosed with ____________.

Back 20

hyperthyroidism

Front 21

The release of parathyroid hormone triggers:

Back 21

an increase in blood calcium

Front 22

The adrenal glands sit atop the ____________.

Back 22

kidneys

Front 23

___________ serve/serves to regulate salt/water balance and _________ serve/serves to regulate glucose levels.

Back 23

Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids

Front 24

President John Kennedy exhibited a bronzing of the skin, weight loss, and dehydration. He was diagnosed with _____.

Back 24

Addison disease

Front 25

Tim's little brother exhibited symptoms of obesity, a "moon" face, muscle weakness, and loss of bone mass. He was soon diagnosed with ____.

Back 25

Cushing syndrome

Front 26

In an emergency situation where the rate of heartbeat decreases, a doctor would most likely administer an injection of:

Back 26

epinephrine

Front 27

The primary target organ of aldosterone is ______ where it regulates sodium and potassium balance.

Back 27

the kidneys

Front 28

Which statement is not true about the renin-angiotensin/aldosterone system?

Back 28

renin converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II

Front 29

The patient was diagnosed with ___________ because his pancreas would not produce insulin.

Back 29

type I diabetes

Front 30

In ____________ the cells of the body especially those of the liver and muscles fail to take up glucose.

Back 30

diabetes mellitus

Front 31

___________ stimulates the liver to break down glycogen into glucose.

Back 31

Glucagon

Front 32

Living a sedentary life style and too many sweets were responsible for Mr. Wilson developing _____________.

Back 32

type II diabetes

Front 33

Control of circadian rhythms is associated with the:

Back 33

pineal gland and melatonin

Front 34

Perhaps seasonal depression syndrome and even onset of early puberty can be related to the ____.

Back 34

pineal gland

Front 35

Recent research links some types of obesity to _______.

Back 35

leptin

Front 36

An organism that causes an infectious disease is called a ______________.

Back 36

pathogen

Front 37

________________ is the study of diseases in populations including their causes, distribution, and control.

Back 37

Epidemiology

Front 38

Epidemics of global proportions are known as _______________.

Back 38

pandemics

Front 39

If more cases of disease than expected exist in a certain area, a/an _______________ exists.

Back 39

epidemic

Front 40

A/an __________________ is an epidemic confined to a local area.

Back 40

outbreak

Front 41

Infections that have the chance to occur only because the immune system is severely weakened are known as:

Back 41

opportunistic infections

Front 42

AIDS is acquired immune deficiency syndrome caused by the ______________.

Back 42

HIV virus

Front 43

It is accepted that the HIV virus originated in _____________.

Back 43

Africa

Front 44

HIV was found to be the cause of AIDS in:

Back 44

1983—84

Front 45

The number of HIV particles in the blood is called the:

Back 45

viral load

Front 46

The highest percentage of adults infected with HIV occurs in:

Back 46

Sub-Saharan Africa

Front 47

It is hard to believe that Beth had AIDS she showed no symptoms and seemed so healthy. However, she was infective and in ___________ of HIV.

Back 47

Category A: Acute phase

Front 48

As the CD4 count decreases, symptoms such as yeast infections, diarrhea and shingles may arise although the individual does not have AIDS. This stage is:

Back 48

Category B

Front 49

A normal CD4 T cell count is ____________.

Back 49

800 cells/mm3

Front 50

The CD4 T cell count in the body following initial HIV infection is:

Back 50

500 per mm3 or greater

Front 51

The CD4 T cell count in the body when a person has AIDS is:

Back 51

less than 200 per mm3

Front 52

During the "kitchen sink" model:

Back 52

the victim's immune system is holding its own

Front 53

During her rounds, Kelli noticed that her AIDS patient had reddish purple coin-sized spots and lesions on his skin. She inferred that this was _______.

Back 53

Kaposi's sarcoma

Front 54

Death usually occurs after ______ years after entering Category C.

Back 54

2-4

Front 55

The enzyme that allows HIV RNA to be converted into HIV DNA is called

Back 55

reverse transcriptase

Front 56

If an HIV did not have Gp120, then it would not be able to:

Back 56

gain entry into a host cell

Front 57

As the result of _____________, new "superbugs" are evolving.

Back 57

antibiotic resistance