Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Alimentary Canal |
Continuous tube running from the mouth to the anus |
|
|
6 activities of digestive system |
Indigestion of food and water, Mechanical digestion of food, Chemical digestion of food, Movement of food along the Alimentary Canal Absorption of digested food into blood and lymph Elimination of material not absorbed |
|
|
The Mouth |
Jaw & teeth provide mechanical digestion Chemical digestion of starch from Salivary amylase |
|
|
The Oesophagus |
Double layer of muscle that allows for peristalsis |
|
|
The Stomach |
Muscular contraction achieves Mechanical digestion Mucosa specialised for the secretion of Gastric juice Pyloric sphincter leading into duodenum |
|
|
The Small intestine |
Digestive juice enters duodenum from bile in gall bladder |
|
|
Pancreatic amylase |
Found in small intestine Breaks down starch |
|
|
Pancreatic protease (Tryspin) |
Found in small intestine Splits proteins |
|
|
Ribo/deoxyribonuclease |
Found in the small intestine Digest RNA and DNA respectively. |
|
|
Pancreatic lipases |
Enzymes that breakdown fats into fatty acids and glycerol |
|
|
Large SA in small intestine |
Achieved through: Length, Folds in the mucosa Villi & Microvilli |
|
|
Villi |
Contains lymph capillary Continual movement of Villi brings into contact with lots of the Chyme Can take in against concentration gradient using active transport |
|
|
Absorption with the Villi |
Amino acids are absorbed by active transport into the blood capillaries Glucose absorbed by active transport into the blood capillaries Fatty Acids and Glycerol absorbed by diffusion into walls of he Villi Soluble vitamins and water absorbed by diffusion |
|
|
Large Intestine |
No villi, No enzymes Lining secrets large amount of mucus Water is absorbed and material turns solid Bacteria break down remaining organic compounds |
|
|
Faeces |
Made up of water, undigested food material, bacteria, bile pigments an remains of cells from the alimentary canal |
|
|
Caecum |
First part of the large intestine, Pouch about 6cm long joining small and large intestine |
|
|
Appendix |
Literally pointless. |
|
|
Colon |
Ascending, Transverse, Descending Inverted U shape Longest part of Large intestine Absorbs water, minerals and vitamins |
|
|
Rectum |
Final part Semi solid material left in the colon is pushed in using peristalsis As walls stretch they trigger defaecation |
|
|
Anus |
External opening at end of the Rectum Sphincter can be voluntarily controlled |
