Human A&p Midterm

Front 1

a function of the skeletal system

Back 1

Hematopoiesis

Front 2

maintaining a controlled "fluctuating balance" within the body

Back 2

homeostasis

Front 3

The glossopharyngeal nerve carries information FROM blood pressure RECEPTORS TO CONTROL CENTERS in the brain stem

Back 3

afferent pathway

Front 4

path that information from flows from the control center to the receptor

Back 4

efferent pathway

Front 5

cut made lengthwise dividing the body into left and right sections

Back 5

sagittal section

Front 6

cut made lengthwise dividing the body into anterior and posterior sections

Back 6

frontal section

Front 7

cut made dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

Back 7

transverse section

Front 8

stand erect with the palms of your hands facing forward

Back 8

anatomical position

Front 9

studies large body structures such as the heart and bones or microscopic structures such as tissues and their relationships with each other

Back 9

anatomy

Front 10

generally studied in terms of chemical and physical events in living systems to learn about the function of the body, and in conjunction with anatomy for best understanding

Back 10

physiology

Front 11

have the same number of protons and electrons but vary in the number of neutrons

Back 11

isotopes

Front 12

the outermost energy level of the atom that contains electrons; these electrons determine the bonding behavior of the atom

Back 12

valence shells

Front 13

the attraction between oppositely charged particles that occurs following a complete loss or gain of electrons

Back 13

ionic bonds

Front 14

negative ions

Back 14

anions

Front 15

positive ions

Back 15

cations

Front 16

bond where atoms share electrons

Back 16

covalent bond

Front 17

pair of electrons are shared equally between two atoms

Back 17

non-polar covalent bond

Front 18

when a pair of electrons is shared unequally between to atoms

Back 18

polar covalent bond

Front 19

-occur when two or more atoms or molecules combine to form a larger more complex molecule

-always involve bond formation

-energy absorbing reactions

-important for growth and repair in the human body/constructive activities

Back 19

synthesis reactions

Front 20

-occurs when a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules, atoms, or ions

-bonds are always broken

-chemical energy is released

-destructive processes in body cells

Back 20

decomposition reactions

Front 21

-bonds are both made and broken

-switch is made between molecule parts and different molecules are made

Back 21

exchange reactions

Front 22

provides a form of chemical energy sable by all body cells

Back 22

adenosine triphosphate

Front 23

groups of cells that are similar in structure and function

Back 23

tissue

Front 24

type of body tissue that is the lining, covering, and the glandular tissue of the body; all substances given off or received by the body must pass through this tissue

Back 24

epithelial tissue

Front 25

unattached surface or edge exposed to the body's exterior or to the cavity of an internal organ

Back 25

apical surface

Front 26

the epithelium type that contains cells that can slide past each other and change shape; these line the urinary system

Back 26

transitional epithelium

Front 27

ductless; secretions diffuse directly into the blood vessels

Back 27

endocrine glands

Front 28

retain ducts; secretions empty through ducts to the epithelial surface

Back 28

exocrine glands

Front 29

connects body tissue; is found everywhere in the body; most abundant and widely distributed

Back 29

connective tissue

Front 30

the nonliving substance found outside that cells that gives connective tissue strength

Back 30

extracellular matrix

Front 31

less hard and more flexible than bone; found in larynx, ribs, and ears

Back 31

cartilage

Front 32

forms strong, replace structures such as tendons and ligaments

Back 32

dense connective tissue

Front 33

softer and have more cells and fewer fibers than any other connective tissue type except blood

Back 33

loose connective tissue

Front 34

attach skeletal muscles to bone

Back 34

tendon

Front 35

connect bones to bones

Back 35

ligament

Front 36

most widely distributed connective tissue in the body; it is soft, pliable tissue; it cushions and protects the body organs it wraps

Back 36

areolar tissue

Front 37

abnormal accumulation of fluid in body parts or tissues; causes swelling

Back 37

edema

Front 38

commonly called fat; areolar tissue in which fat cells predominate; forms the subcutaneous tissue beneath the skin where it insulates the body and protects it from extreme heat and cold

Back 38

adipose tissue

Front 39

replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells

Back 39

regeneration

Front 40

involves repair by dense connective tissue by the formation of war tissue

Back 40

fibrosis