Human Anatomy/structure

Front 1

Peripheral nervous system

Back 1

The autonomic nervous system is a subdivision

Front 2

Afferent neurons

Back 2

Sensory neurons

Front 3

Oligodendrocytes

Back 3

Glia cell produces myelin for cells in the brain

Front 4

Microglia

Back 4

Gila cells turn into microbe-eating cell in inflamed brain tissue

Front 5

Usually a result of a neuroma

Back 5

A statement that is not true of multiple sclerosis

Front 6

Sodium ions are allowed into the neuron

Back 6

This happens during a nerve impulse

Hint 6

Charge moves like a wave

Front 7

Perineurium

Back 7

Membrane covering a fasicle

Front 8

Occurs only in the axons

Back 8

Saltatory conduction

Front 9

In Gray matter of the brain and spinal cord

Back 9

Where interneurons are located

Front 10

Helps regulate water balance and sleep cycles

Back 10

The cerebellum is NOT responsible for this function

Front 11

Extends from occipital bone to the third sacral vertebrae

Back 11

This is not true of the spinal cord

Front 12

Hydrocephalus

Back 12

Occurs when CSF builds up due to a narrowing or blockage of the ventricle or foramen leaving the ventricle

Front 13

Bell' s palsy

Back 13

Condition caused by compression, degeneration, or infection of the 7th cranial nerve. Results in paralysis of some or all facial features.

Hint 13

Often associated with the shingles virus

Front 14

Between the technique mater and the pia mater and the ventricles of the brain

Back 14

Where CSF is found

Front 15

Skeletal muscles

Back 15

Somatic nervous system carries impulses from the brain and spinal cord to this:

Hint 15

Voluntary

Front 16

Sympathetic postganglionic neuron is an adrenergic fiber

Back 16

This is true of adrenergic fibers

Front 17

Occipital lobe

Back 17

Lobe of cerebrum responsible for visual perception

Front 18

Sympathetic postganglionic neuron is a cholingeric fiber

Back 18

Not true of cholingeric fibers

Front 19

Medulla oblongata, midbrain, and pons

Back 19

Three divisions of the brain that makeup the brainstem

Front 20

31

Back 20

Pairs of spinal nerves connected to the spinal cord

Front 21

Choroid plexus

Back 21

Formation of CSF occurs here

Front 22

Dopamine

Back 22

Parkinson's disease can be considered a neurotransmitter deficiency due to lack of this?

Front 23

Astrocytes

Back 23

Gila that makes the blood brain barrier

Front 24

Neurofibromatosis

Back 24

Genetic disorder of the nervous system. Characterized by numerous benign tumors of the Schwann cells resulting in numerous tiny nodules visible on the skin

Front 25

Produce myelin

Back 25

Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes

Front 26

Endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium

Back 26

Order from innermost to outermost layers around a nerve

Front 27

Broken down by enzymes or reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron

Back 27

How neurotransmitters are inactivated

Front 28

Special sense and chemoreceptor

Back 28

What the sense of smell can be considered

Front 29

Proprioceptor

Back 29

What muscle spindles are considered

Front 30

Myopia and nearsightedness

Back 30

Elongated eyeball causes these conditions

Front 31

Glaucoma

Back 31

Not a refraction disorder

Front 32

Macular degeneration

Back 32

Leading cause of permanent blindness in the elderly

Front 33

Organ of corti

Back 33

Organ of hearing in the inner ear

Front 34

Otitis media

Back 34

Not a hearing loss due to nerve impairment/damage

Hint 34

Presbycusis and meniere disease are due to nerve impairment/damage

Front 35

Presbycusis

Back 35

Progressive hearing loss usually associated with aging

Front 36

Nyctalopia

Back 36

Condition called "night blindness"

Front 37

Crista ampullaris

Back 37

Important to your sense of balance and equilibrium

Hint 37

Part of semicircular canal

Front 38

Sclera, choroid, retina

Back 38

Three layers of tissue that form the eyeball

Front 39

Sclera

Back 39

The white of the eye

Front 40

Aqueous humor

Back 40

Watery fluid in front of the lens

Front 41

Glaucoma

Back 41

Increased accumulation of fluid in the eye leading to increased pressure resulting in damage to the eye

Front 42

Cones

Back 42

Receptor cells in the eye that respond to bright colors

Front 43

Cataract

Back 43

Lens loses it's transparency and becomes "milky" in appearance

Front 44

2 inches long

Back 44

Length of external auditory canal

Front 45

Tympanic membrane

Back 45

Partition between the external and middle ear

Front 46

Semicircular canals

Back 46

Structure responsible for balance and equilibrium

Front 47

Malleus

Back 47

Ossicle known as the hammer

Front 48

Cerumen

Back 48

Waxy substance that builds up in the ear

Front 49

Tinnitus

Back 49

Ringing of the ears

Front 50

Gustatory cells

Back 50

Nerve impulses generated in these special cells in the taste buds

Front 51

Increasing internal pressure of the eye

Back 51

Treatment for retinal detachment

Front 52

Have lesser risk for retinal detachment

Back 52

People with glaucoma

Front 53

Sense of taste

Back 53

Very closely attached to the sense of smell

Front 54

Slightly basic

Back 54

pH of blood

Hint 54

7.35-7.45

Front 55

Shouldn't be concerned about erythroblastosis fetalis

Back 55

An Rh-positive mother

Front 56

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

Back 56

Role of hemoglobin in the RBC

Front 57

Hemophilia

Back 57

Inherited X-linked disorder

Front 58

Rh-negative mother and Rh-positive father

Back 58

Combination of parents that might have a child with erythroblastosis fetalis

Front 59

Myeloid tissue, lymphatic tissue, and red bone marrow

Back 59

Involved in blood cell formation

Front 60

Plasma

Buffy coat

Red blood cells

Back 60

The layers of the blood components from top to bottom

Front 61

Globulin

Back 61

Category prothrombin falls under

Front 62

Basophil

Back 62

Granulocyte that secretes histamine

Front 63

Removal of spleen

Back 63

Treatment for thrombocytopenia

Front 64

Zygote

Back 64

Fertilized ovum

Front 65

Outer third of the oviduct near the ovary

Back 65

Where fertilization occurs

Front 66

Help in production of blood cells

Back 66

Function of the yolk sac

Front 67

Acting as the nutrient bridge between mother and baby

Acting as an excretory organ

Acting as an endocrine organ

Back 67

Functions of the placenta

Front 68

Monozygotic twins must have the same blood type and dizygotic twins may have the same blood type, but don't have to

Back 68

These statements are true since blood type is an inherited trait

Front 69

Second stage of labor

Back 69

Time from maximal cervical dilation until the baby exits through the vagina

Front 70

Placenta previa

Back 70

Blastocyst implants too close to the cervical opening

Front 71

Abruptio placentae

Back 71

Blastocyst implants in the upper portion of the uterus and can cause a life threatening situation

Front 72

18 months

Back 72

How long the period of infancy occurs

Front 73

Chorionic villi allow the blood of the mother to carry oxygen and nutrients to the baby so there can be an exchange of material, but the blood of the mother does not mix with the blood of the fetus on a large scale

Back 73

True

Front 74

One of the most important functions of the placenta is to act as a barrier to keep potentially harmful materials such as alcohol from hurting the baby

Back 74

False

Front 75

Gestation period

Back 75

Length of pregnancy

Front 76

Baby born at 37 weeks is considered a full term baby

Back 76

True

Hint 76

Under 37 is preterm, over 42 is postterm

Front 77

Progeria

Back 77

Rare inherited disorder in which a young child appears to age rapidly. Cellular reproduction in these individuals is dimished

Front 78

Preeclampsia

Back 78

High blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema are indications of this prenatal condition

Front 79

Protein

Back 79

Final product of a gene

Front 80

P-arm

Back 80

Shorter segment of a chromosome

Front 81

47 chromosomes

Back 81

Person with trisomy

Front 82

Radiation, virus, chemicals

Back 82

All can be a genetic mutation

Front 83

Down syndrome and klinefelter's syndrome

Back 83

Conditions that result from trisomy

Front 84

Final step in gene expression is frequently an enzyme

Back 84

True

Front 85

PKU

Back 85

Single gene disorder

Front 86

Monosomy

Back 86

Turner's syndrome

Front 87

Turner's syndrome only affects female

Back 87

True

Front 88

Trisomy is the result of an error in the replication of chromosomes

Back 88

True

Front 89

Recessive trait

Back 89

PKU

Front 90

Recessive trait

Back 90

Albinism

Front 91

Recessive trait

Back 91

Tay-Sachs disease

Front 92

Transcription

Back 92

Process occurs in the nucleus of the cell. Messenger RNA is created from a strand of DNA

Front 93

Function like nonsteroid hormones

Back 93

Prostaglandins

Hint 93

Cause production of cyclic AMP

Front 94

Neurohypophysis

Back 94

Another name for the posterior pituitary gland

Front 95

Prognathism

Back 95

Associated with acromegaly

Hint 95

Large projecting jaw

Front 96

Histogenesis

Back 96

Process by which the primary germ layers develop into tissues

Front 97

Organogenesis

Back 97

Process by which tissues develop into organs

Front 98

Presbyopia

Back 98

Causes older adults to be farsighted

Hint 98

"Old eye"

Front 99

Puerpural fever

Back 99

Postpartum disorder characterized by a bacterial infection that progresses to septicemia

Front 100

Ectopic pregnancy

Back 100

Separation of placenta from uterine wall in a pregnancy of 20 weeks or larger

Front 101

Pedigree

Back 101

Chart that illustrates the genetic relationship in a family over several generations

Front 102

12 pairs

Back 102

Number of pairs of cranial nerves

Front 103

Basal ganglia

Back 103

Few islands of gray matter within the interior of the cerebrum

Front 104

Diabetic retinopathy

Back 104

Small hemorrhages in retinal blood vessels

Hint 104

Diabetic insipidus can be the cause

Front 105

Astigmatism

Back 105

Unequal curvature of the cornea or lens

Front 106

Chemoreceptors

Back 106

Taste buds

Front 107

Chemoreceptors

Back 107

Olfactory cells and gustatory cells

Front 108

Conjunctivitis

Back 108

Known as "pink eye"

Front 109

Fovea

Back 109

Where the cones of the eye are located

Front 110

Conduction of the impulse to the brain for interpretation

Refraction on the retina

Stimulation of the rods and cones

Back 110

Health vision dependable on these

Front 111

Vitreous humor

Back 111

Posterior cavity of the eye

Front 112

Aqueous humor

Back 112

Anterior cavity of the eye

Front 113

Nyctalopia

Back 113

Night blindness

Front 114

"Window" of the eye

Back 114

Cornea, due to its transparency

Front 115

Otoscope

Back 115

Instrument that looks at the ear

Hint 115

Oto-ear

Front 116

Astrocytes

Back 116

Threadlike branches attach to neurons and small blood vessels, holding these structures together

Front 117

3 weeks after fertilization to 8 weeks of gestation

Back 117

Embryonic stage

Front 118

2%

Back 118

Human genome is usable

Hint 118

Carries genes

Front 119

Miscarriage

Back 119

Fetal death before 20 weeks

Front 120

First stage of labor

Back 120

Period from onset of contractions until dilation of the cervix

Front 121

Nucleotides

Back 121

Bind together to form double helix

Front 122

Pseudogenes

Back 122

Broken bits of genes from our evolutionary past and nonfunctional DNA

Front 123

4 months of gestation

Back 123

Every organ system is complete and in place

Front 124

Endoderm

Back 124

Helps form the thymus, thyroid, and parathyroid

Front 125

Amnion

Back 125

Primary source of nutrients for a fetus

Front 126

Ectoderm

Back 126

Facial bones, outer ear, and tooth enamel formed in this germ layer

Front 127

P-arm and Q-arm

Back 127

Ideogram

Front 128

Release acetylcholine

Back 128

Cholingeric fiber

Front 129

Preganglonic parasympathetic axons

Back 129

Cholingeric fiber

Front 130

Postganglionic sympathetic axons

Back 130

Cholingeric fiber

Front 131

Postganglionic parasympathetic axons

Back 131

Cholingeric fiber

Front 132

Release norepinephrine/epinephrine

Back 132

Adrenergic fiber

Front 133

Postganglionic sympathetic neuron

Back 133

Adrenergic fiber

Front 134

Longitudinal fissure

Back 134

Divides brain into right and left halves

Front 135

Gyri

Back 135

Convolution

Front 136

Sulci

Back 136

Grooves

Front 137

Fissures

Back 137

Deepest sulci

Front 138

Hypothalamus, thalamus, and pineal gland

Back 138

3 structures in the diencephalon

Front 139

Auditory and auditory association

Back 139

Temporal lobe

Front 140

Visual cortex and association

Back 140

Occipital lobe

Front 141

Conscious thought, speech, motor and muscle control

Back 141

Frontal lobe

Front 142

Sensory speech, taste, and body sense

Back 142

Parietal lobe

Front 143

Photoreceptor

Back 143

Receptors of the eye