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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Artery |
- thickest (4 mm diameter; 1.0 mm thickness) - carries blood away from heart w/ high pressure - carries oxygenated blood - round shape |
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arterioles |
- 30.0 um diameter; 6.0 um thickness - under less pressure - provides resistance via precapillary sphincters |
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capillaries |
- 8.0 um diameter; 0.5 um thickness - site of exchange w/ surrounding tissue; very abundant |
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venules |
- 20 um diameter; 1.0 um thickness - only needs fibrous tissue to connect to endothelium - carries deoxygenated blood |
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veins |
- 5.0 mm diameter, 0.5 mm thickness - carries deoxygenated blood - carries blood towards heart with low pressure - flat shape |
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continuous capillaries |
- endothelial transport - leaky junctions - paracellular transport throughout body |
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fenestrated capillaries |
- endothelial cells/endothelial transport - endothelial fenestrations, transcytosis transport |
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atherosclerosis |
- hardening of arteries by calcified LDL deposits - symptom: high cholesterol & triglyceride chain counts |
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coronary artery disease |
- blockage of coronary artery - detected with angiogram - treatment: angioplasty (pushing plaque), stint (wire mesh), bypass (artificial artery) |
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myocardial infarction (heart attack) |
- heart is overworking itself in one area - oxygen need not being met - part of heart tissue dies |
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congestive heart failure |
- right side of heart dies, causes left side to work harder - left side expands and pushes on lung (hypertrophies) - second heart attack as result |
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lymphocytes |
- a type of white blood cell - immune response - smallest size, nucleus takes up whole cell |
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monocytes |
- phagocytosis - largest white blood cells, bean shaped nucleus |
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eosinophils |
- immune response - clear cytopalasm |
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neutrophils |
- phagocytosis (cell eating - granular, "sandy" cytoplasm |
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basophils |
- immune response
- no noticeable nucleus
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hematocrit |
percentage of total blood volume occupied by packed red blood cells |
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hemoglobin |
capacity of blood to hold oxygen (gHb/dL of blood) |
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red blood count |
number of red blood cells per unit volume of blood (cells/uL) |
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white blood cell count |
number of white blood cells per unit volume of blood (cells/uL)
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platelets |
number of plates perunit of blood |
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polycythemia |
red blood corpuscle levels too high which thickens blood and may indicate cancer (polycythema vera) |
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anemia |
red blood corpuscle levels too low - may depress ability to supply body with oxygen, caused by blood loss, low Fe or B12 |
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sickle cell anemia |
red blood corpuscles deformed causing oxygen to not bind well; caused by genetic factors |
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leukemia |
white blood cell levels too high - may depress ability to produce red blood corpuscles |
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thrombocytopenia |
platelet levels too low - may depress ability to clot hemorrhages |
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thrombocytosis |
platelet levels too high - may cause unwanted clots which leads to stroke |
