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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Four Types of Tissue
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Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
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Epithelial Tissue
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Make up majority of glands
Line every surface/cavity in/out body Don't produce much ECM Avascular-no blood vessels. Acquire everything via diffusion. Forms internal/external layers of organs |
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Functions of Epithelial Tissue
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® Protection: prevents dehydration, protects from abrasion, destructive chemicals, biological agents, bacterial/fungal/viral invasion
® Selective Permeability: gatekeepers- regulate what comes in and out ® Produce Secretions: individual secretory cells- goblet cells (produce mucus) In glands- epithelial tissue is specialized to secrete specific chemical substances such as enzymes, hormones and lubricating fluids. ® Sensations: Sensory stimuli penetrate specialized epithelial cells. Touch pain pressure temperature. ◊ Neuroepithelium- specialized type, houses special senses (sight, hearing, taste, smell, equilibrium) |
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Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
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® Cellularity: cells bound together, very little ECM
® Polarity: top and bottom. ◊ Apical- surface in contact with surface. Exposed to external environment. ◊ Basal- anchored to tissue below ® Avascularity: nutrients diffuse across basal membrane into cells ® High regeneration capacity: reproduce quickly to replace older damaged cells ® Attachment ® Innervation |
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Tissue
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groups of similar cells
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Epithelial Tissue Classified by number of Cell Layers
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◊ Simple Epithelium
◊ Stratified Epithelium ◊ Pseudostratified Epithelium |
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Epithelial Tissue Classified by Cell Shape
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2- By Cell Shape
◊ Squamous ◊ Cuboidal ◊ Columnar ◊ Transitional |
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Simple squamous epithelium
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single layer of flattened cells that facilitate the diffusion of substances
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Simple cuboidal epithelium:
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single layer of square-shaped cells that protect, absorb, and secrete
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Stratified squamous epithelium
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several layers thick, protects underlying tissues.
◊ Keratinized: forms outermost layer of skin, prevents water loss Unkeratinized: forms linings of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, vagina, anus |
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Endocrine glands
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produce and secrete hormones directly into bloodstream through basal lamina and lack ducts
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Epithelial Tissue
|
Make up majority of glands
Line every surface/cavity in/out body Don't produce much ECM Avascular-no blood vessels. Acquire everything via diffusion. Forms internal/external layers of organs |
|
|
Functions of Epithelial Tissue
|
® Protection: prevents dehydration, protects from abrasion, destructive chemicals, biological agents, bacterial/fungal/viral invasion
® Selective Permeability: gatekeepers- regulate what comes in and out ® Produce Secretions: individual secretory cells- goblet cells (produce mucus) In glands- epithelial tissue is specialized to secrete specific chemical substances such as enzymes, hormones and lubricating fluids. ® Sensations: Sensory stimuli penetrate specialized epithelial cells. Touch pain pressure temperature. ◊ Neuroepithelium- specialized type, houses special senses (sight, hearing, taste, smell, equilibrium) |
|
|
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
|
® Cellularity: cells bound together, very little ECM
® Polarity: top and bottom. ◊ Apical- surface in contact with surface. Exposed to external environment. ◊ Basal- anchored to tissue below ® Avascularity: nutrients diffuse across basal membrane into cells ® High regeneration capacity: reproduce quickly to replace older damaged cells ® Attachment ® Innervation |
|
|
Tissue
|
groups of similar cells
|
|
|
Epithelial Tissue Classified by number of Cell Layers
|
◊ Simple Epithelium
◊ Stratified Epithelium ◊ Pseudostratified Epithelium |
|
|
Epithelial Tissue Classified by Cell Shape
|
2- By Cell Shape
◊ Squamous ◊ Cuboidal ◊ Columnar ◊ Transitional |
|
|
Simple squamous epithelium
|
single layer of flattened cells that facilitate the diffusion of substances
|
|
|
Simple cuboidal epithelium:
|
single layer of square-shaped cells that protect, absorb, and secrete
|
|
|
Stratified squamous epithelium
|
several layers thick, protects underlying tissues.
◊ Keratinized: forms outermost layer of skin, prevents water loss Unkeratinized: forms linings of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, vagina, anus |
|
|
Endocrine glands
|
produce and secrete hormones directly into bloodstream through basal lamina and lack ducts
|
|
|
Epithelial Tissue
|
Make up majority of glands
Line every surface/cavity in/out body Don't produce much ECM Avascular-no blood vessels. Acquire everything via diffusion. Forms internal/external layers of organs |
|
|
Functions of Epithelial Tissue
|
® Protection: prevents dehydration, protects from abrasion, destructive chemicals, biological agents, bacterial/fungal/viral invasion
® Selective Permeability: gatekeepers- regulate what comes in and out ® Produce Secretions: individual secretory cells- goblet cells (produce mucus) In glands- epithelial tissue is specialized to secrete specific chemical substances such as enzymes, hormones and lubricating fluids. ® Sensations: Sensory stimuli penetrate specialized epithelial cells. Touch pain pressure temperature. ◊ Neuroepithelium- specialized type, houses special senses (sight, hearing, taste, smell, equilibrium) |
|
|
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
|
® Cellularity: cells bound together, very little ECM
® Polarity: top and bottom. ◊ Apical- surface in contact with surface. Exposed to external environment. ◊ Basal- anchored to tissue below ® Avascularity: nutrients diffuse across basal membrane into cells ® High regeneration capacity: reproduce quickly to replace older damaged cells ® Attachment ® Innervation |
|
|
Tissue
|
groups of similar cells
|
|
|
Epithelial Tissue Classified by number of Cell Layers
|
◊ Simple Epithelium
◊ Stratified Epithelium ◊ Pseudostratified Epithelium |
|
|
Epithelial Tissue Classified by Cell Shape
|
2- By Cell Shape
◊ Squamous ◊ Cuboidal ◊ Columnar ◊ Transitional |
|
|
Simple squamous epithelium
|
single layer of flattened cells that facilitate the diffusion of substances
|
|
|
Simple cuboidal epithelium:
|
single layer of square-shaped cells that protect, absorb, and secrete
|
|
|
Stratified squamous epithelium
|
several layers thick, protects underlying tissues.
◊ Keratinized: forms outermost layer of skin, prevents water loss Unkeratinized: forms linings of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, vagina, anus |
|
|
Endocrine glands
|
produce and secrete hormones directly into bloodstream through basal lamina and lack ducts
|
