Htc Test 2

Front 1

Major difference between Horta's designs and Guimard's was

Back 1

Horta- handicraft, art and crafts tadition
Guimard - industrial, kit-of-parts approach

Front 2

What two structural elements unique to his time did Gaudi employ in many of his buildings?

Back 2

parabolic arches and squinches

Front 3

The author of Entretiens of 1863, which argued for a return to regional building and quoted Gothic
architecture as the model of a structurally rational style was:

Back 3

Viollet le Duc

Front 4

Hector Guimard is best known for the design of the

Back 4

Paris subway stations

Front 5

Why did Gaudi incline his columns

Back 5

to minimize if not eliminate horizontal thrust

Front 6

The other major Belgian Art Nouveau architect besides Horta was

Back 6

van de veld

Front 7

List two of Viollet-le-Duc's major ideas that were very influential during the 1880s and 1890s.

Back 7

1. tensile iron and compressive masonry
2. rational/honest use of material and structure

Front 8

The trademark formal element of Art Nouveau was the

Back 8

whiplash line

Front 9

What theoretician was very influential on the work of Victor Horta

Back 9

viollet le duc

Front 10

Describe Gaudi's technique of structural analysis and design:

Back 10

using weights and strings to find the curve of tension and then he flipped it 180 degrees to see it in compression

Front 11

The Belgian Art Nouveau architect who eventually moved to Berlin was

Back 11

van de veld

Front 12

The German equivalent of Art Nouveau was called

Back 12

jugenstihl

Front 13

List three architectural movements in the 19th Century that we have studied this quarter that were
manifestations of the rise of nationalism:

Back 13

neo gothic
art nouveau
seccessinists

Front 14

The Paris subway stations were designed by

Back 14

Guimard

Front 15

The difference between Horta's curvilinear lines and those of van de Velde was

Back 15

van de veld was more controlled, 'form-force' lines, less whimsical than Horta

Front 16

The best explanation for the inspiration of the exterior form of Sagrada Familia is

Back 16

Mount Serrat

Front 17

The theoretician who had the greatest influence on the development of Art Nouveau architecture was:

Back 17

viollet le duc

Front 18

Gaudi's patron in Barcelona was

Back 18

Guell

Front 19

Victor Horta is known for what style of architecture

Back 19

Art Nouveau

Front 20

A distinguishing motif of Art Nouveau was the

Back 20

whiplash line

Front 21

The arches used by Gaudi had a _________________ profile

Back 21

parabolic

Front 22

Art Nouveau architecture originated in what country?

Back 22

Belgium

Front 23

The architect known for his wire and fishing weight models used to determine the structure of his buildings was

Back 23

Gaudi

Front 24

What project by Mackintosh exhibited at the Secession had a profound influence on these designers?

Back 24

Glasgow School of Art

Front 25

The nickname given to the group of four designers centered around Mackintosh because of the colors and
forms they used was the

Back 25

spook school

Front 26

Margaret McDonald's signature motif was the

Back 26

the rosebud

Front 27

The city that was the center of German applied arts and the home of the Ernst Ludwig school of art was

Back 27

Darmstaadt

Front 28

What influence did Glasgow have on Mackintosh's design approach?

Back 28

shipbuilding

Front 29

The architect of the Secession building was

Back 29

Olbrich

Front 30

The winner of the competition for the Vienna subway system was

Back 30

Wagner

Front 31

What two geometric shapes are prevalent in Mackintosh's symbolism?

Back 31

circle and square

Front 32

Describe Mackintosh's approach to the design of interior spaces:

Back 32

designs spaces based on use and then subspaces within these- then on to plan- intersection of rect lines resulting in square as ornamental language

Front 33

Compare Hoffmann's approach in design of surface and volume with that of Wright's:

Back 33

Hofmann: more planar and 2-d, not ignoring the corner

Front 34

List three differences between the exterior of a Voysey house and that of a Mackintosh house.

Back 34

Mackintosh: grey stucco, no trim around windows, not concerned with elevation, roof dominant

Front 35

What city did Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig try to make into a German "Athens?"

Back 35

Darmstaadt

Front 36

Name the firm that Joseph Hoffmann helped to start that produced high quality objects and furnishings for
houses

Back 36

Vienna WErkbund

Front 37

was the "father figure" of the Secessionists

Back 37

Wagner

Front 38

The painter who collaborated with Olbrich in the design of the Secession Building was

Back 38

Klimt

Front 39

"I am particularly interested in the square as such and in the use of black and white as dominant colors,
because these clear elements have never appeared in earlier styles," is a quote by

Back 39

Hofmann

Front 40

The Secessionists were located in what city ?

Back 40

Darmstaadt

Front 41

The two people responsible for the design of the Secession Building were:

Back 41

Olbrich and Klimt

Front 42

List two tectonic elements in the Glasgow School of Art which permit it to be said that the design expressed a
beginning of a "modern architecture."

Back 42

assymetry and mechanical expression

Front 43

Charles Rennie Mackintosh had a connection with which continental European art movement?

Back 43

seccessionists

Front 44

The elevational treatment used in the entrance facade of Grundtvig church is best described as__________.
Where did this form originate in Denmark?

Back 44

Surface ornament by manipulating bricks
Danish congregational churches
(traditional church-northern european)

Front 45

What device is used in the Stockholm City Hall to link it with the adjacent lake?

Back 45

arcades

Front 46

List two precednts for Saarinen's final design of the main entry in the Helsinki Railroad Station

Back 46

seccessionists (triumphal arch)

Sullivan (Golden Door-World's fair)

Front 47

The Kallio Church was designed by

Back 47

lars Sonck

Front 48

Describe the elevational treatment Saarinen typically used in the towers of his Finnish buildings

Back 48

overall massing of towers, unbroken vertical and holding the corner

Front 49

The building typically credited with the start of the National Romantic movement in Scandinavia is

Back 49

Copenhagen city hall

Front 50

The Tampere Cathedral was designed by

Back 50

Sonck

Front 51

The arrangement of a vertical force against a contrasting and balancing horizontal volume" best
describes the compositional theory employed by

Back 51

Saarinen

Front 52

The movement in Scandinavia at the turn of the century that was a genuine attempt to interpret the
indigenous tradition of each of the respective countries is referred to as

Back 52

National Romantic movement

Front 53

List two reasons why Saarinen preferred to incorporate a vertical element in the massing of his buildings:

Back 53

contrast and balance

Front 54

The style that evolved in Finland to express and preserve the indigenous culture in the face of increasing
pressure by the czar to 'russify' Finland was

Back 54

National Romantic movement

Front 55

Saarinen's favorite interior color was

Back 55

saarinen green

Front 56

The typical Saarinen formal composition incorporated a ______________ element to_________________

Back 56

vertical to a horizontal

Front 57

is the name of residential compound of Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen.

Back 57

Hvittrask

Front 58

"Hvittrask" was the name given to the residential complex of

Back 58

GLS

Front 59

The original purpose of the Dom-ino system was to

Back 59

use rubble from war as infill - concrete as structure

Front 60

What two things were necessary to be developed in the late 18th/early 19th centuries to enable the
evolution of modern concrete structures?

Back 60

hydrolic cement, steel/iron reinforcement

Front 61

List three reasons why Larson considers reinforced concrete, and not iron, to have been the material more
responsible for the development of modern architecture:

Back 61

no precedent, no inherent structure (plastic, liberates form), honest expression of material, no inherent connection

Front 62

Ernest Ransome's concrete framed factories bore a stunning resemblance to those designed at the
same time by what French pioneer in concrete?

Back 62

Coignet

Front 63

The first important French contractor of reinforced concrete prior to the Franco-Prussian War was:

Back 63

Hinnebique

Front 64

The architect chosen by Henry Ford to design his factories in Detroit was

Back 64

Albert Kahn

Front 65

What economic advantage did the Hennebique system enjoy in Paris?

Back 65

shorter floor to floor height

Front 66

What was the secret of Roman cement that was rediscovered in the 19th Century?

Back 66

chemical composition - contact with air not necessary for hardening

Front 67

The French rationalist tradition, started by Soufflot, and best represented by the work of Perret, was a quest to
synthesize the ideas of what two historic styles?

Back 67

Gothic and Classical

Front 68

What other theoretician, besides Viollet-le-Duc influenced the work of Perret?

Back 68

Choissy

Front 69

What two theoreticians influenced the work of Perret?

Back 69

Choissy and Viollet le duc

Front 70

The architect responsible for the early use of reinforced concrete structures in the design of the first
automobile factories in Detroit was

Back 70

Albert Kahn

Front 71

The first skyscraper constructed with a reinforced concrete frame was the

Back 71

Ingalls

Front 72

The Swiss engineer famous for his graceful, shallow arched, three-hinged concrete bridges was

Back 72

Maillart

Front 73

Portland Cement was first invented in which country ?

Back 73

England

Front 74

The demise of terra-cotta fireproofing that led to the universal acceptance of reinforced concrete was a
result of

Back 74

earthquake

Front 75

In which country was the principle of reinforcing concrete first developed?

Back 75

France

Front 76

What advantage did reinforced concrete enjoy over iron from the viewpoint of structural rationalists?

Back 76

honest expression of structure and material

Front 77

Which French engineer built an international concrete company after the Franco-Prussian War?

Back 77

Hennibique

Front 78

What was the name of Tony Garnier's socialist utopian city which employed concrete housing and solar- power?

Back 78

cite industriale

Front 79

What is generally regarded as the first American reinforced concrete building?

Back 79

Ward's Castle

Front 80

Der Stil was written by

Back 80

Semper

Front 81

The Wasmuth Volumes documented the early work of

Back 81

Wright

Front 82

The term, raumplan, was devised by ______________________________ to describe his interiors which
incorporated interpenetrations of spaces.

Back 82

Loos

Front 83

The Steiner House was designed by

Back 83

Loos

Front 84

Define Kunstwollen

Back 84

to impose one's artistic will

Front 85

The German term for an individual "imposing one's artistic will" upon a design problem is

Back 85

kunstwollen

Front 86

The German architectural writer who mythologized the English Arts and Crafts house at the term of
the century was

Back 86

Muthesius

Front 87

Gropius was responsible for the design of what building at the 1914 Cologne Exhibition?

Back 87

Model factory

Front 88

Name two leading designers that were placed in charge of a major German school of design prior to WW I

Back 88

van de veld, muthesius, olbrich

Front 89

Loos' major criticism of the Deutscher Werkbund was that it

Back 89

too much control

Front 90

The Deutscher Werkbund chose __________________________ to design the model factory for its 1914
Cologne exhibition. The final design was influenced by what Wright building?

Back 90

Gropius , Mason City Bank

Front 91

Peter Behrens was hired by _________________ to redesign its corporate image.

Back 91

AEG

Front 92

The author of "Ornament and Crime" was

Back 92

Loos

Front 93

AEG of Germany hired _____________________ to redesign its entire image, production, and buildings

Back 93

Behrens

Front 94

One of the founders of the Deutscher Werkbund was

Back 94

Behrens

Front 95

Gropius was responsible for what building at the 1914 Deutscher Werkbund Exhibition?

Back 95

Model Factory

Front 96

Das Englische Haus was written by

Back 96

Muthesius

Front 97

What was Loos' opinion of Gesamtkunstwerk ?

Back 97

too much control

Front 98

What was the primary difference in intention between a Kahn-designed factory and a
Behrens-designed AEG factory?

Back 98

Kahn- economy and function
Behrens- quality and destiny

Front 99

The ______________________________ was founded to encourage the improvement of machine
production in Germany.

Back 99

Deutscher Werkbund

Front 100

Behrens was greatly influenced by which philosopher?

Back 100

Nietzche

Front 101

Herman Muthesius used which type of building as the model for Germany to emulate in order to improve its
building design?

Back 101

the english house, particularly Voysey

Front 102

How can one view the design of the Fagus factory as an inverse of the AEG Turbine factory?

Back 102

dematerializes the corner, columns pulled in, glass

Front 103

What was Loos' criticism of Behren's designs?

Back 103

misrepresentation of objects

Front 104

Adolf Loos' major written treatise on architecture was

Back 104

Ornament and Crime

Front 105

The Fagus Works was designed by

Back 105

Gropius

Front 106

The German architectural theorist who noted the inferior quality of German manufactured goods at the
1851 World's Fair was

Back 106

Semper

Front 107

Name the four elements in Sempers “The four Elements of Architecture”

Back 107

hearth, mound, roof, enclosure

Front 108

What four construction processes does Semper identify in the production of Applied Arts?

Back 108

ceramics, stone, textile (rug), carpentry

Front 109

The main idea about art that Nietzsche articulates in “The Birth of Tragedy out of the Spirit of Music” was:

Back 109

seperates music and sculpture irrational/rational

Front 110

The idea of “The Superman” came from what essay written by Nietzsche?

Back 110

Thus Spoke Zathustra

Front 111

Did Goethe agree or disagree with Newtonʼs explanation of color? Explain

Back 111

Did not agree- wants more emotion

Front 112

What was the German style called which used round arches, inspired by the Romanesque?

Back 112

Rundbogenstihl

Front 113

The term, Gesamtkunstwerk, was first published by___________________________. He defined it as ______________

Back 113

Wagner
Is a unified artwork

Front 114

The Futurist Manifesto was written by

Back 114

Fillipo Marinetti

Front 115

List two factors which occurred prior to 1860 that influenced the evolution towards abstraction on modern
painting:

Back 115

photography and japanese prints

Front 116

The primary objective of Cubist painting was

Back 116

show motion, volume

Front 117

What three shapes did Cubists painters employ in their paintings?_

Back 117

cubes, spheres, cylinders

Front 118

Name a Cubist painter

Back 118

Picasso

Front 119

_____is the name given to a group of radical Italian designers who were prominent just
prior to the start of WWI.

Back 119

Futurists

Front 120

The Futurist movement was centered in

Back 120

Italy

Front 121

What was one of the compositional goals of Cubist paintings?

Back 121

motion, volume

Front 122

The architect of the Centennial Hall in Breslau was

Back 122

Max Berg

Front 123

Describe Hugo Haring's design methodology as manifested in the Gut Garkau cowshed:

Back 123

farm complex- dichotomy between expression and standardization

Front 124

designed the Weimar government's new research tower for Einstein.

Back 124

Mendohlson

Front 125

designed the first Goetheanum

Back 125

Steiner

Front 126

List three buildings at the Werkbundʼs 1914 Cologne exhibition that represented the three main movements in
German architecture prior to the start of WW1.

Back 126

Model Theater (dynamism, van de veld), Model Factory (werkbund, Gropius), Glass Pavillion (chrystalism, Taut)

Front 127

The architect of the Luckenwalde Hat Factory and Dyeworks was

Back 127

Behrens

Front 128

Did Mies extrude the lotlines of the site in both of his glass skyscraper proposals? Why?______________

Back 128

No - wanted to allow for reflectivity

Front 129

The designer of the German Glass Industry Pavilion at the 1914 Deutscher Werkbund exhibition

Back 129

Taut

Front 130

Give an example of a different German Expressionist architect who designed in each of the following materials:
a. glass_____________________________
b. brick_____________________________
c. dynamism (concrete)_________________

Back 130

a. Taut
b. polezig
c.Mendohlson

Front 131

Why was the cathedral viewed as the ideal historic building type for the German Expressionists?

Back 131

All arts and workers unified

Front 132

___________________ was the major building project that focused the energies of German expressionists
immediately following the end of WWI.

Back 132

Stadkroni

Front 133

The Chilehaus in Hamburg was designed by _____________________

Back 133

Hoger

Front 134

The author of "Glass Architecture" was

Back 134

Schearbart

Front 135

The Cathedral of Socialism was the ultimate goal of what movement?

Back 135

German Expressionism

Front 136

The Grosses Schauspielhaus in Berlin was designed by

Back 136

Polezig

Front 137

What was the 'crystal chain?'

Back 137

an underground group of designers (socialist utopian city)

Front 138

The first Expressionist glass skyscraper was designed by

Back 138

mies van de rohe

Front 139

Concerning the Spiritual in Art was written by

Back 139

Kandinsky

Front 140

Anthroposophy was founded by

Back 140

R. Steiner

Front 141

The traditional atrium in 19th century skyscrapers was quickly replaced by

Back 141

elevators

Front 142

List three influences on the Art Deco skyscraper that came from Europe:

Back 142

French Chevron, Finnish Museum, Chrystalline German Expression

Front 143

The second-place winner of the Chicago Tribune competition was

Back 143

Saarinen

Front 144

What World's Fair (date and city) played a pivotal role in the development of Art Deco in the US?

Back 144

1925 Paris World Fair

Front 145

What building project finally forced New York to initiate proceedings toward a zoning code that would
limit the size of skyscrapers

Back 145

Equitable Building, which prompted the Zoning Studies

Front 146

The conte crayon renderings of the design potential of the 1916 New York zoning code were drawn by

Back 146

Ferris

Front 147

The Autobiography of an Idea was written by

Back 147

Sullivan

Front 148

The first Neo-Gothic skyscraper to break the stranglehold of Neo-Classicism in New York City was the

Back 148

Woolworth

Front 149

List two precedents for the ornament used on the Art Deco skyscraper

Back 149

chicago school color, geometry, nature
and german expressionist movies

Front 150

List two precedents for the massing of the Art Deco skyscraper:

Back 150

Masonic temple, and step-back laws, Saarinen Chicago Tribune entry

Front 151

__________________________ designed the Nebraska state Capitol.

Back 151

Goodhue

Front 152

______________________ designed the Singer Building, the first U.S. building to break the 600' mark.

Back 152

Ernest Flagg

Front 153

The style of the Woolworth Building in New York City designed by Cass Gilbert can best be described as

Back 153

gothic

Front 154

The building that forced New York City to enact a zoning code in 1916 was designed by

Back 154

Graham

Front 155

Ernest Flagg's design of the Singer Building in New York can best be described as

Back 155

neoclassical

Front 156

The Chicago Tribune competition was won by

Back 156

Hood and Howell

Front 157

The European city that was the inspiration for Wiley Corbet's and Hugh Ferris' multi-level city studies
was

Back 157

Venice

Front 158

Art Deco was based on rejecting contemporary technology and using the vocabulary of "traditional" architecture
a. true
b. false

Back 158

false

Front 159

Wright would later state that he was influenced by ______________________________ in the design of
his Californian "knit-block" houses

Back 159

japanese art

Front 160

Wright designed two highrise projects in the 1920s. They are:

Back 160

national insurance and st. mark's

Front 161

designed the First Church, Christ the Scientist in Berkeley.

Back 161

Maybeck

Front 162

Describe how Wright achieved a two-story living area in the apartments in his proposed tower for
St. Mark's in the Bowrie:

Back 162

rotated second story 30 degrees

Front 163

is noted as the first American architect to completely eschew the use of all
ornament in his designs in favor of an asymmetrical massing of rectilinear forms with smooth, white-washed walls
with frameless windows.

Back 163

Irving Gill

Front 164

is best known for his eclecticism, being able to synthesize a diverse
collection of stylistic elements with the technology of the day, including such off-the-shelf materials as
industrial metal sash and sheet asbestos panels.

Back 164

Maybeck

Front 165

The term that best describes the style of buildings designed by Bernard Maybeck is

Back 165

eclectic impiricism

Front 166

The type of California house that influenced the work of Greene and Greene was known as the

Back 166

bungalow

Front 167

Describe "knit-block" construction

Back 167

patterned concrete blocks woven together with reinforcing

Front 168

One of the major differences between the houses designed by Wright and those designed by Greene and
Greene was that Wright used ________ (type of) roofs while Greene and Greene used __________ roofs.

Back 168

Wright: hip roof
Greene: gable roof

Front 169

"There is something very restful and satisfying to my mind in the simple cube house with creamy walls, sheer and
plain, rising boldly into the sky, unrelieved by cornices or overhang of roof," is a quote by __________ which
describes his inner feelings of his residential designs.

Back 169

Gill

Front 170

List three precautions Wright designed into the Imperial Hotel in anticipation of seismic action.

Back 170

flexible not rigid parts, foundation of friction piles, tapered walls to be lighter at top, pool was for fire

Front 171

The architect recognized as the master of the early California "bungalow" in which sensuously-detailed wood
construction and deep overhanging balconies were used was

Back 171

Greene and Greene

Front 172

_______is the name of Wright's compound in Spring Green.

Back 172

Taliesan

Front 173

The architect of the Rusakov Worker's Club was

Back 173

Melnikov

Front 174

Name two avant-garde art movements which emerged in Russia just prior to the Russian revolution and the
respective leader of each:

Back 174

constructivism - Tatlin
supremetism - Malevich

Front 175

Name the two avant-garde architecture movements which emerged in Russia during the leadership of Lenin and
an architect from each:

Back 175

constructivism - Ginzburg
supremitism - Lissitzky

Front 176

The spiraling design for the proposed Monument to the Third International was conceived by

Back 176

Tatlin

Front 177

___________________________ was the design school in Communist Russia that preceded the Bauhaus

Back 177

V K

Front 178

Constructivist architecture was primarily a product of this country

Back 178

Russia

Front 179

Name a Russian Suprematist painter

Back 179

Malevich

Front 180

"Prouns," ideograms with a Utopian content, were conceived by

Back 180

Lissitzky