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55 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Dentin/Dentine
Calcified but slightly resilient connective tissue on the inner part of the tooth that extends into a socket in the jaw
Enamel
Layer of extremely hard, brittle material that covers the crown of the tooth; it is both avascular and acellular. It is about 97% mineralized, essentially fossilized once it is formed
Attrition
Tooth wear that alters the tooth crown morphology
Incisor
Spatulate teeth (8) in the front of the upper and lower jaws with a sharp, thin cutting edge
Canine
Posterior extension of the incisor row (4) with a more conical shape than the incisor
Premolar
Or bicuspid (8); the first is referred to as the third premolar due to the loss of two former pairs through evolution
Molar
The largest teeth (6 in both upper and lower), meant for crushing and grinding food
Mesial
Portion of the tooth closest to the point where the central incisors contact each other (Antonym: distal)
Distal
Portion of the tooth furthest from the point where the central incisors contact each other (Antonym: mesial)
Lingual
Portion of the tooth crown toward the tongue (Antonym: Labial)
Labial
Portion of the tooth crown away from the tongue, usually reserved for incisors and canines (Antonym: lingual)
Buccal
Portion of the tooth crown away from the tongue, usually reserved for the premolars and molars, which lie toward the cheek (Antonym: lingual)
Interproximal (surfaces)
Tooth surfaces that contact adjacent teeth (Antonym: occlusal)
Occlusal (surfaces)
Tooth surfaces on the chewing surface of the tooth (Antonym: interproximal)
Alveoli
The socket in which the tooth is rooted by means of periodontal ligaments
RIsub1
Right incisor, lower jaw
Deciduous/Primary/Milk Teeth
First teeth to form, erupt, and function in the first years of life, shed and replaced by secondary/permanent teeth
Crown
Part of the tooth covered by enamel
Root
Part of the tooth that anchors the tooth in the alveolus of the mandible or maxilla
Neck (Cervix)
The constricted part of the tooth at the junction of the crown and root
Cervicoenamel line (or junction, CEJ)
The line encircling the crown, which is the most rootward extent of the enamel
Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)
The boundary between the enamel cap and the underlying dentin
Features of Dentin
Has no vascular supply but is supported by the vascular system in the pulp and lined on the inner surface by odontoblasts, which produce dentin. It underlies the enamel of the crown and encapsulates the pulp cavity. Occlusal wear may expose dentin, resulting in a concave depression
Pulp Chamber
The expanded part of the pulp cavity at the crown end of the tooth
Root Canal
The narrow end of the pulp cavity at the root end of the tooth
Cementum
The bone-like tissue that covers the external surface of tooth roots
Calculus
Calcified deposit commonly found on the sides of tooth crowns, originating with plaque
Pulp
Soft tissue within the pulp chamber; includes nerves and blood vessels
Apical Foramen
The opening at each root tip, or apex, through which nerve fibers and vessels pass from the alveolar region to the pulp cavity
Cusp
Occlusal projection of the crown. Major cusps on hominid molars are named individually. Cusps of the upper teeth end with -cone, lower teeth end with -conid; the tip is the apex, the ridges that descend from apices are crests
Protocone
Mesiolingual cusp on an upper molar
Carabelli's Effects
Cusplets, grooves or other topographic features on the mesiolingual surface
Hypocone
Distolingual cusp on an upper molar
Paracone
Mesiobuccal cusp on an upper molar
Metacone
Distobuccal cusp on an upper molar
Protoconid
Mesiobuccal cusp on a lower molar
Protostylid Effects
Mesiobuccal cusplets, grooves or other forms on the protoconid
Hypoconid
Distobuccal cusp on a lower molar
Metaconid
Mesiolingual cusp on a lower molar
Entoconid
Distolingual cusp on a lower molar
Hypoconulid
The fifth, distal-most cusp on a lower molar
Mammeleons
Cusplets on the incisal edges of unworn incisors
Fissure
Cleft on the occlusal surface between cusps. Fissures divide the cusps into patterns, i.e. the Y-5 pattern in which the five lower molar cusps are arranged in a Y pattern
Trigon (Trigonid in lower molars)
Mesial part of the molar (Antonym: talon/talonid)
Talon (Talonid in lower molars)
Distal part of the molar (Antonym: trigon/trigonid)
Interproximal contact facets (IPCFs)
Facets formed between adjacent teeth in the same jaw
Occlusal contact facets
Facets that result from contact of mandibular and maxillary teeth during chewing
Cingulum
A ridge of enamel that partly or completely encircles the sides of a tooth crown and is usually not present on human molars and premolars
Supernumerary Teeth
Teeth that exceed the expected number of teeth in any given category
Agenesis
Lack of tooth formation at a given position
Hypoplasia
A disturbance of enamel formation that often manifests itself in transverse lines, pits, or other irregularities on the enamel surface
Hypercementosis
Excess of cementum forming on the root
Taurodontism
Condition in which the pulp chamber is expanded relative to the normal condition
Shovel-shaped incisors
Incisors which have strongly developed mesial and distal lingual marginal ridges, imparting a "shovel" appearance to the tooth
Caries
Disease process resulting in the demineralization of dental tissues