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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dentin/Dentine
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Calcified but slightly resilient connective tissue on the inner part of the tooth that extends into a socket in the jaw
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Enamel
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Layer of extremely hard, brittle material that covers the crown of the tooth; it is both avascular and acellular. It is about 97% mineralized, essentially fossilized once it is formed
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Attrition
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Tooth wear that alters the tooth crown morphology
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Incisor
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Spatulate teeth (8) in the front of the upper and lower jaws with a sharp, thin cutting edge
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Canine
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Posterior extension of the incisor row (4) with a more conical shape than the incisor
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Premolar
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Or bicuspid (8); the first is referred to as the third premolar due to the loss of two former pairs through evolution
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Molar
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The largest teeth (6 in both upper and lower), meant for crushing and grinding food
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Mesial
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Portion of the tooth closest to the point where the central incisors contact each other (Antonym: distal)
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Distal
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Portion of the tooth furthest from the point where the central incisors contact each other (Antonym: mesial)
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Lingual
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Portion of the tooth crown toward the tongue (Antonym: Labial)
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Labial
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Portion of the tooth crown away from the tongue, usually reserved for incisors and canines (Antonym: lingual)
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Buccal
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Portion of the tooth crown away from the tongue, usually reserved for the premolars and molars, which lie toward the cheek (Antonym: lingual)
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Interproximal (surfaces)
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Tooth surfaces that contact adjacent teeth (Antonym: occlusal)
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Occlusal (surfaces)
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Tooth surfaces on the chewing surface of the tooth (Antonym: interproximal)
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Alveoli
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The socket in which the tooth is rooted by means of periodontal ligaments
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RIsub1
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Right incisor, lower jaw
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Deciduous/Primary/Milk Teeth
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First teeth to form, erupt, and function in the first years of life, shed and replaced by secondary/permanent teeth
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Crown
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Part of the tooth covered by enamel
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Root
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Part of the tooth that anchors the tooth in the alveolus of the mandible or maxilla
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Neck (Cervix)
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The constricted part of the tooth at the junction of the crown and root
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Cervicoenamel line (or junction, CEJ)
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The line encircling the crown, which is the most rootward extent of the enamel
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Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)
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The boundary between the enamel cap and the underlying dentin
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Features of Dentin
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Has no vascular supply but is supported by the vascular system in the pulp and lined on the inner surface by odontoblasts, which produce dentin. It underlies the enamel of the crown and encapsulates the pulp cavity. Occlusal wear may expose dentin, resulting in a concave depression
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Pulp Chamber
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The expanded part of the pulp cavity at the crown end of the tooth
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Root Canal
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The narrow end of the pulp cavity at the root end of the tooth
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Cementum
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The bone-like tissue that covers the external surface of tooth roots
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Calculus
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Calcified deposit commonly found on the sides of tooth crowns, originating with plaque
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Pulp
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Soft tissue within the pulp chamber; includes nerves and blood vessels
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Apical Foramen
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The opening at each root tip, or apex, through which nerve fibers and vessels pass from the alveolar region to the pulp cavity
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Cusp
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Occlusal projection of the crown. Major cusps on hominid molars are named individually. Cusps of the upper teeth end with -cone, lower teeth end with -conid; the tip is the apex, the ridges that descend from apices are crests
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Protocone
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Mesiolingual cusp on an upper molar
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Carabelli's Effects
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Cusplets, grooves or other topographic features on the mesiolingual surface
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Hypocone
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Distolingual cusp on an upper molar
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Paracone
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Mesiobuccal cusp on an upper molar
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Metacone
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Distobuccal cusp on an upper molar
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Protoconid
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Mesiobuccal cusp on a lower molar
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Protostylid Effects
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Mesiobuccal cusplets, grooves or other forms on the protoconid
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Hypoconid
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Distobuccal cusp on a lower molar
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Metaconid
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Mesiolingual cusp on a lower molar
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Entoconid
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Distolingual cusp on a lower molar
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Hypoconulid
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The fifth, distal-most cusp on a lower molar
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Mammeleons
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Cusplets on the incisal edges of unworn incisors
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Fissure
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Cleft on the occlusal surface between cusps. Fissures divide the cusps into patterns, i.e. the Y-5 pattern in which the five lower molar cusps are arranged in a Y pattern
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Trigon (Trigonid in lower molars)
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Mesial part of the molar (Antonym: talon/talonid)
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Talon (Talonid in lower molars)
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Distal part of the molar (Antonym: trigon/trigonid)
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Interproximal contact facets (IPCFs)
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Facets formed between adjacent teeth in the same jaw
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Occlusal contact facets
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Facets that result from contact of mandibular and maxillary teeth during chewing
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Cingulum
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A ridge of enamel that partly or completely encircles the sides of a tooth crown and is usually not present on human molars and premolars
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Supernumerary Teeth
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Teeth that exceed the expected number of teeth in any given category
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Agenesis
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Lack of tooth formation at a given position
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Hypoplasia
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A disturbance of enamel formation that often manifests itself in transverse lines, pits, or other irregularities on the enamel surface
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Hypercementosis
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Excess of cementum forming on the root
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Taurodontism
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Condition in which the pulp chamber is expanded relative to the normal condition
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Shovel-shaped incisors
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Incisors which have strongly developed mesial and distal lingual marginal ridges, imparting a "shovel" appearance to the tooth
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Caries
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Disease process resulting in the demineralization of dental tissues
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