Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Luddites
|
a term used for skilled workers who attacked the machines taking their jobs
|
|
|
Lagging Indicators
|
measure negative outcome(s)
- workplace fatalities - workplace injuries - workplace hazards - WSIB claims |
|
|
Leading Indicators
|
measure positive outcome(s)
better indicator of safe workplaces and preventative measures - number of inspections - number of JHS committee meetings |
|
|
Iron Law of Wages
|
workers should be paid a sustenance level wage
gov't shouldn't interfere w/ wages set by businesses |
|
|
Domino Theory of Accidents
|
1969
based on the belief that bad background led to personality flaws and resulted in unsafe acts in the workplace claims were often from workers w/ high risk jobs w/ no benefits and generally foreign increased worker blame |
|
|
International Responsibility System
|
James Hamm
1975 underlying concept in Canadian Health and Safey Legislation Internal - to workplace - to the job - motivators to perform Responsibility - defines specific roles for each level of the organization WRT health and safety System - a support mechanism to delegate responsibility and accountability for completion of roles |
|
|
Standard Employment
|
- 1 empolyer
- full time - permanent, year round work |
|
|
Precarious Employment
|
- multiple employers
- less than full time or temp. work - lower wages - little to no benefits - not job security |
|
|
Utility
|
needs, issues and concerns of individuals that change over the course of a lifetime and w/ the context of the risk
|
|
|
Hazard
|
source(s) of potential harm inherent to the property of a material
|
|
|
Risk
|
the probability of a negative consequence from a hazard
|
|
|
Consequence
|
the negative outcome
|
|
|
6 Types of Hazards
|
- Chemical
- Biological - Mechanical - Biomechanical (ergonomic) - Physical - Psychosocial |
|
|
Affiliation Bias
|
a cognitive perception that is influenced by familiarity and self-interest which can lead to either
- underestimating the risk - overestimating the risk |
|
|
Attitudes
|
based on personal beliefs and personal values
can be developed, moderated and impacted upon by situational context/scenario |
|
|
Risk Communication Factors
|
- communicator
- recipient - message |
|
|
Emotive Response
|
influenced by the connection to the event
(ex) how does the risk affect me? |
|
|
Social Norm
|
behaviours or activities that are generally accepted by a community of people at a given period of time
- smoking - wearing a seat belt - chemical additives |
|
|
Precautionary Principle
|
refers to reasonable efforts to reduce risk which need not await for scientific proof
treat unknowns as a hazard until information is available to 'clear them' (ex) SARS |
|
|
Reactive Hazard Recognition
|
based on lagging indicators
Event Investigations - injuries, equipment failures Enforcement Action - internal system audit |
|
|
Proactive Hazard Recognition
|
based on leading indicatiors
- workplace inspection - planned reviews and assessment - preventative maintenance - job hazard analysis |
|
|
Hierarchy of Controls
(highest to lowest) |
(1) Elimination
(2) Substitution (3) Isolate (4) Engineer (5) Administration (6) Personal Protective Equipment |
|
|
Ontario Health and Safety Act
|
enforced my the MOL
establishes rights, responsibilities, and liabilities general framework enables legislation |
|
|
Workplace Safety and Insurance Act
|
enforced by WSIB
established responsibilities for safety, promotion, prevention or workplace injury and illness and compensation for affected workers covered by the Act |
|
|
Due Diligence
|
the taking of every precaution reasonable in the circumstances for the protection of the health and safety of workers
|
|
|
4 Areas of Sector Regulation
|
- Construction
- Industrial Establishment - Health Care - Extended Coverage |
|
|
Corporate Culture
|
the combined beliefs, values, ethics, procedures and atmosphere of an organization
|
|
|
Safety Culture
|
is one where gov'ts, employers, and workers actively participate in securing a safe and healthy working environment through a system of defined rights, responsibilities and duties
where the principle of prevention is accorded the highest priority (according to the ILO) |
|
|
4 Key Principles of IRS
|
Visible, demonstrated commitment
Unbroken chain of direct responsibility and accountability Consultation and communication Effective contributory participation |
|
|
Synergy
|
the outcome is more than the additive effects
(ex) developing lung cancer from asbestosis exposure + smoking |
|
|
Antidote
|
the outcome is less than expected - even though both substances are toxic
(ex) antivenum |
|
|
4 Routes of Entry (Risk Factors)
|
(1) inhalation
(2) skin & eye contact/absorption (3) ingestion (4) injection |
|
|
Carcinogenic Classification:
Group 1 |
- carcinogenic to humans
- sufficient evidence in humans |
|
|
Carcinogenic Classification:
Group 2A |
- probably carcinogenic in humans
- limited human evidence - sufficient animal evidence |
|
|
Carcinogenic Classification:
Group 2B |
- possibly carcinogenic in humans
- limited human and animal evidence |
|
|
Carcinogenic Classification:
Group 3 |
not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity in humans
inconclusive testing ("don't know") |
|
|
Carcinogenic Classification:
Group 4 |
probably not carcinogenic to humans
|
|
|
LD 50
|
lethal dose at which 50% of subjects die
|
|
|
Temporary Threshold Shift
|
refers to the increase in threshold b/c of hearing loss
cilia in ears depress to protect hearing the more it occurs the more hearing loss results |
|
|
5 consequences of electrical shock/contact
|
- thermal burns
- electrical burns - muscle/internal organ damage - respiratory difficulties - cardiac fibrillation or arrest |
|
|
Lock Out & Tag Out
|
an administrative control
system to protect a worker from unexpected release of kinetic or electrical energy |
|
|
Reductions due to Neoliberalism
|
- income and business tax
- size of gov't - number of stable and dencent jobs - regulation of business - enforcement activities - social programming - standards to 'basic' levels |
|
|
Increases due to Neoliberalism
|
- globalization
- privitization of services - public-private partnerships - "free" trade agreements - reliance on charities for soical supports - downloading onto municipalities |
|
|
"Make Me" Businesses/Companies
|
- risk based
- requires enforcement - inspection & investigation - consumes many MOL resources - non-compliant companies |
|
|
"Show Me" Businesses/Companies
|
- promote self-reliance
- require education, tools, feedback - tools support self reliance - highest MOL return on investment - strive to be compliant |
|
|
"Watch Me" Businesses/Companies
|
- champion and share best pratices
- surpass OHSA requirements - require no MOL interference - go beyond compliance |
|
|
Job Quality Indicators
|
- Health and well-being
- Skills development - career and employment security - balance working and non-working life - satisfaction w/ working conditions |
|
|
Bird's Triangle
|
developed in 1969 w/ data from insurance companies
based on the premise that there are many opportunities and early warning signs before catastrophic events occur |
|
|
Lock Out and Tag Out Procedure
(5 Steps) |
(1) prepare for shut down
(2) shut down (3) isolate (4) apply lock and tag (5) verify isolation |
|
|
TWAEV
|
time weighted average exposure value
|
|
|
9 PPE Selection Criteria
Control Methods for Chemical Exposure |
(1) Hazard
(2) Anticipated route of entry (3) Duration of use and [expected] (4) Type of application (5) Other available controls (6) Personal factors of worker (7) Hazards created by PPE (8) Regulation requirements (9) Intended |
|
|
Types of Respirators (3)
|
(1) Air Supply
(2) Air Purifyiing (3) Air Filtering |
|
|
3 Types of Air Supply Respirators
|
(1) Self-contained
(2) Hose-line compressor (3) Hose-line to ambient air |
|
|
Air Purifying Respirators
|
cleans the air w/ cartidges actived w/ charcoal
requires - proper cartridge to eliminate chemicals - proper fit |
|
|
Air Filtering Respirators
|
removes particles from the air: dust, mist, fumes
only works in [lower] and if fitted properly |
|
|
NRR
|
a theoretical number for hearing PPE found through lab tests to see how much noise the equipment will block out out
mostly used for marketing |
|
|
10 mA
50 mA 80 mA 300 mA |
10 mA = cannot let go
50 mA = breathing difficulties 80 mA = ventricular fibrillation or arrest 300 mA = breathing stops |
|
|
Reservoir Effect
|
refers to the tendency of toxins to be stored in the body in skin, bones, and fatty tissues
|
