Hrgd-Nutrition In Infancy, Childhood And Adolescence

Front 1

acute nutritional deficiency causes?
chronic nutritional deficiency causes?

Back 1

-low weight and normal height (wasting)
-chronic: low height for age (stunting)

Front 2

Signs of poor growth or FTT (malnutrition)?

Back 2

-weight at or below 3rd percentile for age or down 2 percentiles on growth chart w/in 6 months or less
-muscle wasting, apathy, irritability, developmental delay, low initiative, thinning hair, temporal wasting

Front 3

Sequelae of malnutrition?

Back 3

-growth delay
-developmental delay
-decreased cognitive ability
-apathy, irritability
-dec. strength and physical activity, dec. will to move

Front 4

Treatment of Growth failure?

Back 4

-to compensate, need to provide accelerated growth velocity
-increased calories and protein for anabolism
-increased nutrients like Ca, iron, zinc

Front 5

Inorganic FTT?

Back 5

-inadequate food intake in absence of disease due to economic and/or social deprivation

Front 6

Nutrition related problems?

Back 6

-impaired ability to ingest: chewing or swallowing
-impaired tolerance and/or absorption
-chronic illness (infl. bowel disease)

Front 7

Organic FTT?

Back 7

-secondary malnutrition due to disease or disability

Front 8

Growth rates are sensitive indicators for?
Growth charts measure nutritional status of infants and children up to age?

Back 8

-sensitive indicators for organic or environmental pathology
-growth charts measure up to age 20

Front 9

If measuring weight for length, everyone should be at?

Back 9

-50th percentile

Front 10

When does child's head circumference decrease?

Back 10

-no decline in head circumference unless child is severely malnourished

Front 11

How should you measure children's height? Until when?

Back 11

-supine on a length board for first three years of life
-after first 3 years-->measure height on standiometer

Front 12

Specialty growth charts for?

Back 12

-premature infants, down syndrome, turner's syndrome

Front 13

what kind of body mass does the breast fed child have?

Back 13

-more lean body mass

Front 14

Infancy recommendations for supplementation?

Back 14

-supplement all infants with 400iu VitD
-breast feed to 12 months, if shorter use iron-fortified formula
-iron-enriched foods by 6 mos.
-infants < 6mos. don't need water, juice
-no low fat milk<age two

Front 15

Competitive foods=?

Back 15

Foods that child would rather be eating, crowd out more nutritious foods

Front 16

Iron deficiency
-in toddler's?
-iron stores accumulate only after?
-signs?
-adolescents?

Back 16

-toddler's: low income, poor quality diets/competing foods, rapid growth
-iron stores only accumulate after growth has slowed around age 5
-signs: depression, irritability, loss of appetite, apathy and evidence of impaired learning and cognition
-adolescents: poor quality diets, erratic eating, poorly-planned vegetarian meals, low nutrient snacks, rapid growth

Front 17

Food preferences and choices are more difficult to change as children get?

Back 17

-older! preferences become more durable

Front 18

Children age 1-2 require how many calories a day?

Back 18

-950 calories/day

Front 19

How was Rickets basically cured?
Cause effect relationship between early malnutrition and?

Back 19

-addition of VitD to milk in the 1930's
-early malnutrition and increased dental caries