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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Order of Operations
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1. Any calculations using parentheses
2. Squaring 3. Multiplication or Division from left to right 4. Summation w/ the ∑ notation is done text 5. Any adding/subtracting from left to right |
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E
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the sum of all scores
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Ex
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sum of scores
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x
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individual score/obj
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N
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Population size
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n
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sample size
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Population
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• Entire group of individuals is called the population
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Research Population
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• Entire group of individuals of interest for a particular study
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Sample
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selected to represent the pop. in a research study
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Population >
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Parameter
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Sample >
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Statistic
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Sampling Error
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• discrepancy between sample stat and it’s pop parameter is called a sampling error
• defining/measuring sample error large part of inferential stat |
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Data
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• measurements/observation
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Datum
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• singular, one observation also score, raw score, value (value usually used)
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Data Set
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• collection of observations
• data can be about anything |
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Variables
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• set of characteristics/conditions that change or has different values for an individual
• Eg: height (changes over time0 • weight |
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Discrete Variables
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consist of indivisible categories
• Eg: bicycles, children in household Whole number (excluding tie/shoe size) |
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Continuous Variable
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• eg: time/weight
• can be divisible into w/e decimal/fraction • Rare to obtain identical measurements for continuous variables • measurement category for e/ continuous variable is actually an interval that must be defined by boundaries • Eg Weight |
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Nominal Scale
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• Name- if you can name it
• no greater or less than • name, label, category • Eg: major, gender, race/ethnicity, nothing with a numerical value |
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Ordinal Scale
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• you can order them
• tell you direction • rank data • ordered by size/magnitude • Eg: size, grad. class rank, socioeconomic status, patient satisfaction |
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Interval Scale
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• ordered series of equally sized categories
• ID direction/magnitude of a difference • Zero pt on interval scale doesn’t mean the total absence, that it is nothing • Eg: temp, golf scores, measuring rain fall |
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Ratio Scale
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• O does mean absence of
• direction/magnitude measure in term of ratios • Eg: height, weight, reaction time, number of errors on test |
