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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four steps to the scientific method?
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1. observation or question
2. hypothesis 3. experimentation 4. analysis of data |
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What are the two types of reasoning used in science?
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Inductive and deductive reasoning
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What is inductive reasoning?
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a system of reasoning based on observation and measurement
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What is deductive reasoning?
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a logic model in which assumptions or hypotheses are made on the basis of general principles
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What is the true test of a scientific hypothesis?
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It must be testable and falsifiable. This is the reason that ideas based on religious principles are not science - they cannot be proven wrong.
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Which type of reasoning is used in philosophy and religion primarily?
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Deductive reasoning
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Are scientific theories correct?
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There is no way of knowing. Theories are based on repeated experiments always showing the same results. The only thing that can be said of a theory is that it is the best explanation based on currently available technology.
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Why can't "Creationism" and "Intelligent Design" be called scientific?
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They may be interesting ideas, but they are not testable and falsifiable.
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Why do adaptive traits accumulate in gene pools?
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Adaptive traits increase an organism's chance of survival and so have a greater chance of being passed to the next generation through reproduction.
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Why don't maladaptive traits accumulate in gene pools?
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These traits reduce an organism's chance of survival to the age of reproduction.
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What is the difference between and "blind" and a "double-blind" experiment.
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It a blind experiment the subject is unaware of the experimental expectation. In a double-blind experiment neither the subject or the experimenter are aware of the experimental expectation.
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What is anecdotal information?
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Information based on one or more people's personal experience. This is very poor information for scientific purposes.
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