3. How Do We Organize The Natural World?

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Category

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Category

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Classify

Back 2

Classify

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Form

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Form

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Formula

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Formula

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Formulae

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Formulae

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Function

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Function

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Property

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Property

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Fractal

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Fractals show how patterns can help us understand complexity.

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Alchemist

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Earlier thinkers, alchemists, used a system of astrological symbols to describe the few substances they knew.

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Relative atomic mass ( RAM)

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Shown as Ar( lower)

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Isotope

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Isotopes of the element chlorine

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Nucleosynthesis

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All of the elements up to and including uranium were created in stars in a process called…

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Transuranic

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The remaining elements, referred to as transuranic elements, are extremely unstable as they decay radioactively and are usually synthesized in a laboratory.

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Malleable

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Can be hammered into shape without breaking.

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Ductile

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Can be drawn into long thin wires.

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Sonorous

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Hard metals are sonorous (making a ringing sound when struck)

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Periodicity

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Is the study of these trends and patterns arising from the arrangement of the elements in the periodic table.

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Atomic radius

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A further change going across the periodic table is called ~. The radius of an atom dependa on two competing factors, one attrctive and one repulsive.

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Screening

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Shielding

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Diatomic

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The halogens exist at ~ molecules and dissolve in water to form strong acids.

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Filament

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Argon is the gas used to fill traditional hot filament light bulbs; the hot filament (thin metal wire) would normally react with any gad present but by surrounding it with an unreactive gas this is prevented.

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Cation

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When electrons are lost, the resulting particle, an ion, has a positive charge and is known as an ~

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Anion

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When electrons are gained, the resulting particle, an ion, has a negative charge and is known as an ~

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Morphological

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Morphological, functional and anatomical characteristics of living things.

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Eukaryota

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~ includes all organisms that have cells with a defined nucleus and more complex structures.

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Prokaryota

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~ includes bacteria, that have cells with no defined nucleus.

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Phylogenetics

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Take into account the evalutionary history of the species. This approach is called ~

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Analogous

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Analogous features, such as the presence of wings in birds and insects.

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Homologous

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Homologous features which indicate a common evolutionary origin.

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Cladistic

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Cladistic classification traces the characteristics of organisms back to the most recent ancestor and scientists sometimes use clades rather than the traditional Linnaean division of class or phylum to describe groups of organisms.