Horticulture Midterm 3 Pt 5

Front 1

Taproot Systerm

Back 1

1 or 2 dominant primary roots and secondary (lateral) roots; Deep into soil profile

Front 2

Fibrous Root System

Back 2

Thin
• Profusely branched
• Many principal roots which appear to be equivalent
• Often near soil surface

Front 3

Functions of Root System

Back 3

1. Anchor plant
2. Store food
3. Absorb water and nutrients

Front 4

Tissue Systems of Roots

Back 4

Dermal; Ground; Vascular

Front 5

Dermal Root Tissue

Back 5

covers the outer surface of herbaceous plants epidermis

Front 6

Ground Root Tissue

Back 6

comprises the bulk of the primary plant body; cortex

Front 7

Vascular Root Tissue

Back 7

transports materials within the plant (water,
carbohydrates, etc.); xylem/phloem

Front 8

Root Hairs

Back 8

• Increase surface area of root
• Extension of epidermal cells
• Responsible for water and nutrient absorption

Front 9

Cortex (root)

Back 9

1. Parenchyma cells store food in amyloplasts (starch storage organelle)
2. Acts as filter for water and nutrients
3. Located between epidermis and vascular cylinder

Front 10

Endodermis

Back 10

1. Innermost cell layer of cortex
2. Regulates water and nutrient flow into vascular cylinder
3. Cell walls impregnated with
suberin and lignin – forcing substances to be actively
transported through cells

Front 11

Pericycle

Back 11

• 1 or 2 cells thick
• Area of cell division to produce lateral roots

Front 12

Cambium

Back 12

• Between xylem and phloem
• 1 or 2 cells thick
• Lateral meristem

Front 13

Symplastic Transport

Back 13

allows the plant to selectively take up nutrients and other materials

Front 14

Aerial Roots

Back 14

Adventitious roots on plants growing in unstable rooting
environments e.g. marshes, mud flats