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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alleles
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alternate form of a gene; found at the same location as homologous chromosomes; determines the phenotype; one from each parent
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Pangenis
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idea that male and female pangene that moved through blood to genitals then to children
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Gregor Mondal
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Father of Genetics
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Fundamentals of genetics
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(1) Genes are herdetary units determining specific traits (2) Chormosomes carry genes (3) Basis of Menal's law lies in the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis
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Genes
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Functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring; pieces of DNA containing info for making a specific protein
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Law of Segragation
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Members of each pair of alleles seperate when gametes are formed
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Law of Independent Assortment
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Two or more pairs of alleles segregate independantly of one another during gamete formation
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Homozygous
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same allele inherited from each parent
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Heterozygous
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different alleles from each parent
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Phenotype
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what an organism looks like
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Genotype
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genetic make up of an organism (only visible through the phenotype)
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Principles of Segratation
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(1) seperation of allels during gamete formation (2) each gamete only gets one allel (3) Each 2n cell carries 2 allels for each trait
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Principles of Independant assortment
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when a gamete forms, allels sort independantly; called a dihybrid cross
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Incomplete Dominance
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neither allels is dominant (mixes phenotype)
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Non-linked Genes
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genes for diferent characteristics located on the different pairs of homologous chromosomes (tend to stay todether during mitosis)
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Linked Genes
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Genes for different characteristics located on the same pair of homologous chromosomes and tesd to stay together during mitosis
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Crossing Over
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Only thing that can unlink genes (alleles)
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