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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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.5" of rainfall on a 40,000 sq ft house = how many gallons
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13,000
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1 major plus, outside of light, for a south facing slope
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wind resistance
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4 greenhouse types?
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Even, uneven, quonset, and arch
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Dead load vs live load vs climate load
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wieght of structure, building in use like people on roof, weather resistance 80 mph winds
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2 advantages and 2 disadvantages to detached greenhouses
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easier to program temp, light is distributed evenly, more heat loss and More land needed
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2 advantages and 2 disadvantages to connected houses
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Less land, fewer building materials, Difficult to zone heat for different crops and more difficult to remove snow
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2 advantages and a disadvantage to glass
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resistance to uv and low thermal expansion/ contraction, and HIgh cost
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1 advantage/dis to acrylic
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Superior uv resistance and Easily scratched
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1 ad/ dis to polycarbonate
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high impact resistance and scratches easily
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1 ad/dis to fiberglass
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low cost, suceptible to uv
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1 ad/dis to polyethylene
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Cheap, Short life
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3 reasons for using pgr
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Height control, stimulate lateral branching, control flowering
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what do chemical growth retardants CGR's do?
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Inhibit synthesis of Gibberellins which stops cell elongation = shorter plants
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4 important aspects to think about when using pgr's
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timing, target, dosage, Application technique
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Timing of CGR applications is based on what?
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Physiological stage, not the chronological stage
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3 application techniques for cgr's
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dips, drenches, and sprays
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Rule of thumb for PGR spray applications. how much per 100 sq ft
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.5 gal of solution
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When should pgr's be applied and why?
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Early morning to avoid sunlight. more contact with plants= better job
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How does the environment effect pgr's
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They have a major effect, don't irrigate after , avoid sun
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how are florists azaleas making headway in todays market
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using smaller pots= less growth time and cheaper plants
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What controls flowering in azaleas? what is the requirement
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SD 8 hr
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2 treatments that help azaleas break flowering dormancy
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cold treatment or GA treatment
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how many years does azalea production take?
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2 yrs, 3 yrs for larger or specialty
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ph range for azaleas and nutrient requirement?
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4.5-5.5, low requirements
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Linear phase of azaleas? how long, how big and what two treatments
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12-16 weeks, 3-4 inch cuttings, 70 degree temps and IBA rooting hormone
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What is the temps to release dormancy in azalea
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4-6 weeks at 40-50
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Temps greater than 86 for 12 hours in azaleas will promote?
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bud abortion
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Light requirements in azalea
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LD 16 hrs for 6-8 weeks after last pinch and then SD 8hrs for flowering
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How many times are azaleas pinched? liner stage and 6 inch pot stage
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4 times 3 in liner and 1 in 6in
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What diseases affect azalea?
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all of the common ones
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3 common disorders with azalea?
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Winter injury, chlorosis due to higher ph and shoot bypass
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what is shoot bypass caused by?
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Late forcing and too long cold treatment
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6 keys to success in IPM?
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Willingness to develop a strategy, Ability to identify, Understand pests biology, Routine monitoring, Pest threshold levels, practice integration actions
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The key to weed stopping
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sanitation
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Critical point to insect infestations
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Early detection
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2 options for insect control?
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pesticides or living organisms
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When using living organisms, 4 keys
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use the right species, Correct number released, Compatible with pesticides, and careful storage
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3 keys to disease prevention in greenhouses
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good plant material, sanitation, and disinfecting the greenhouse
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3 fungicide classes?
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Protectants, eradicants, and resistance
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1way to improve post harvest life? one no no
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lower temps 1-3 weeks before, don't lower light!
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In general, a larger pot has what affect on post harvest life?
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Better postharvest performance
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Goal in postharvest thoughts is to maximize
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carbohydrate levels
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When are cut flowers harvested? Potted plants?
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morning, afternoon
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2 hr exposure to ethylene = what
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damage
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How can you lower ethylene levels during shipping
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lower temps
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Why lower temps when shipping?
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lowers transpiration and respiration which fights botrytis and ethylene
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5 of many steps for cut flowers after harvest
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grading, recutting, leaf removal, precooling, packing
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2 factors that help cut flowers?
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low light and cool temps
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Whats a pulse treatment?
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short term treatments, like hot water on flowers
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Easiest way to reduce light?
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pull cover over crop
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3 reasons to avoid black poly when blacking out?
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Warmer temps, Increased humidity, and compounds damage plants
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When are plants usually blacked out?
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5 pm to 8 am
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Why must the blackout cover be opened slowly
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rapid opening= temp change which is too quick for crop
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Conditions for growing cut roses =
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High light lower temps
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Amount of time to grow cut flowrs indoors vs outdoors
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1/2 the time 35 days to 70 days
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Why can columbia and ecuador compete with our rose growers (3)
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climate, wages, and labor supply
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How long are rose planting productive for
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8-10 yrs
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How are roses propagated and what factors need to bethought of before installing
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propagated asexually and careful sight and cultivar selection is needed
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What is growth rate directly linked to in roses
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temperature temps increase= more growth less quality
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Temp reuirements for a 40 day crop of roses?
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62 night 70 day with low light or 80 day with high light
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2 reasons roses are pruned intensivly?
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Maintain stem length and flower size
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Shorter the wavelength =
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more energy
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2 ways energy is measured?
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Energy flux- watts/m2 and photon flux- mmol/m2/sec
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Eyes are sensitive to what nm wavelength
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550
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2 ways plants use light?
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Food- photosynthese, and photomorophgensis, a clock
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2 lights that plant see and use
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red and blue
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Wavelength range for plants
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400-700
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How many nm for Pr and Pfr, what do each convert the light to?
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pr converts to pfr at 660nm and pfr to pr at 720
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Pr to Pfr is
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More Efficent
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What do plants use to tell time?
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phytochrome
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Incandesent lamps= what are the two uses?
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long stems with bad growth, night interuption and photoperiod manipulation
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Fluorescent= use?
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Little fr light, more bushy and compact
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High pressure sodium- what kind of light?
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more yellow/ orange, lots of heat
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Medal halide - what kind of light
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No fr, some red, more blue, short lots of branching
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