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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Which hormones are produced in the medulla of the adrenal gland? |
Catecholamines |
Adrenaline and Noradrenaline (Epinephrine and Nor-epinephrine) |
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Which hormones are produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland? |
Sex steroids, Glucocorticoids, Mineralocorticoids |
Androgens, Hydrocortisone (cortisol), Aldosterone |
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What do the Catecholamines do? |
Prepare body for Fight or Flight |
Sympathetic nervous system |
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What do the Sex steroids do? |
Sex drive in women, not a lot in men as they produce them in other areas |
Too much in women gives male characteristics |
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What do the Glucocorticoids do? |
Regulates blood nutrient levels and response to stress inhibits anti inflammatory response |
Too much leads to Cushing's syndrome |
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What do the Mineralocorticoids do? |
Regulate blood volume and sodium/potassium levels |
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What is the significance of Addisson's disease? |
Reduced steroid production, decreased aldosterone and cortisol, and reduced response to catecholamines |
Give hydrocortisone IM to patients on long term steroids to avoid Addisson's crisis |
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What are the 3 thyroid hormones? |
Triiodothyronine (T3) Thyroxine (T4) Calcitonin |
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What is the under production of thyroid hormones called? |
Hypothyroidism |
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What is the over production of thyroid hormones called? |
Hyperthyroidism |
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What condition does hypothyroidism cause in infants? |
Cretinism |
pale puffy face, protruding tongue, coarse hair, mental retardation, short stature. Must be treated quickly or damage will be perminant |
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What does hypothyroidism do to adults? |
Decreased metabolic rate, Increased weight gain, Reduced appetite, Dry, cold skin, Weak, sluggish skeletal muscles, Myxedema, Apathy, solemness, possible goiter |
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What does hyperthyroidism do to adults? |
Increased metabolic rate, Weight loss with increased appetite, Warm, flushed skin, Weak tremourous muscles, Expothalmia, Hyperactivity, insomnia, Goiter Grave's Disease |
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What stimulates the release of T3 and T4? |
Thyroid stimulating hormone, produced by hypothalamus after stress/hypothermia cause the release of TRH |
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What does calcitonin do? |
Decreases blood calcium levels, increases bone calcium deposition rate, reduces intestinal calcium absorption, increases kidney calcium excretion |
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What triggers the release of calcitonin? |
Increased blood calcium levels |
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What happens if calcitonin isn't secreted? |
Blood calcium levels continue to rise this reduces nerve and muscle excitability, can lead to inflammation and kidney stones |
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What hormone does the Parathyroid produce? |
Parathyroid hormone |
PTH |
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What does PTH do? |
Inhibits calcitonin secretion, Increases calcium absorption in the intestine, Breaks down bones, Decreases urine calcium content |
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What stimulates the release of PTH? |
Low blood calcium |
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What happens if PTH is constantly released? |
Bones become soft and deformed, Muscles become weak and fatigue quickly, Inflammation, Kidney stones |
Hyperparathyroidism |
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What happens if no or little PTH is released? |
Nerves and Muscles become very excitable, Frequent muscle cramps, Tetany of the respiratory muscles |
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