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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is diabetes?
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A condition in which the amount of glucose in the blood is too high because the cannot use it properly
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What is the only hormone that can lower blood glucose?
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Insulin
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What dose insulin do?
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Transports glucose in to cells such as muscle ,fat and liver cells beacuse its presence causes an increase in the number of glucose transporters ,It also increases the activity of cells which store glucose and glycogen
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What happens the insulin concentration after a meal?
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It increases
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What organ secretes insulin?
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Pancreas
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Where in the pancreas is insulin and glucagon made?
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The endocrine part of the pancreas
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What is the difference between glucagon and insulin?
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GLucagon raises blood glucose levels insulin lowers it
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what enzymes can raise blood glucose?(4)
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a) Glucagon
b) Cortisol c)Epinephrine d) Growth hormone |
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How dose the kidney handle glucose?
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It filters it into tubules and then reabsorbs it 100% unless there is too much for it too handle and some is lost in urine
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Why do people with diabetes piss more?
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Glucose in the urine will suck more water into the urine (osmosis) and cause excess urine production
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Why cant glucose cross cell membranes by simple diffusion?
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It's water soluble
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What is the name of the glucose transporter molecule that insulin increases the ammount of?
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GLUT4
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What is GLUT3?
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This is the glucose transport molecule in the brain which allows the brain to still take glucose in the absence of insulin
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When there is no glucose what alternate source of energy is used?
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Fat metabolism
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Can the brain take advantage too the free-fatty acids produced by fat metabolism
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NO
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What is the side effect of excess lipid metabolism ?
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there is a build up of ketoacids in the blood this results in a oder in the breath similar to that of acetone
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Why might diabetics have poor circulation?
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Excess sugar makes the blood syrupy (more viscous : harder for the heart to pump.Also the excessive urine production dehydrates the body and reduced blood volume
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