Hormonal Regulation

Front 1

Glyconeogenesis

Back 1

Formation of glucose from amino acid & free fat acid

Front 2

Adrenal cortex Cortisol

Back 2

Maintenance of الجلوكوز الموجود في بلازم الدمplasma glucose (during long-term fasting)

• Inhibition of protein synthesis: by increas Amino acid

• Mobilization of Free fat acid (from adipose tissue)

• Blocking the دخولentry of glucose to cell (opposing insulin activities)

• Enhances enzymes

Front 3

Adrenal cortex Sex steroids

Back 3

•Androgens & estrogens

Front 4

Adrenal cortex Aldosterone

Back 4

Increas Sodium+ & water retentionزيادة اعادة امتصاص

•Increase thirst sensation بزيد العطش

Front 5

Thyroid Gland Triiodothyronin (T3)• Thyroxin (T4

Back 5

Together regulate your body's temperature, metabolism, and heart rate

• Crucially involved in establishing overall metabolic rateالي بكون عندهم الغده الدرقيه نشيطه علاغلب بكونو دايمأ نشيطين وبحبو الحركه

• Help other hormones to introduce their effect (permissive action)

• Little change in concentration causes a tremendous change in Metabolic Rate اي تغير بسيط فيهن بغير ال

• Lethargicاذا كان في قله فيه بكون المريض رمه

• Linked to weight control (only few obese individuals are hypothalamic)

• Increase protein and enzyme synthesis

• Increase size and number of mitochondria in cells

• Promote rapid cellular uptake of glucose

• Enhance glycolysis and glycogenesis

• Increase Free fat acid availability for oxidation

Front 6

Pancreas•β-cell•Insulin

Back 6

Stimulate امتصاص المواد الغذائيهnutrient (glucose & Amino acid ) uptake by tissues for storage as glycogen, protein, and fat (increase in food intake)•

Facilitate glucose entry to cells

Front 7

Pancreas

α-cell•Glucagon

Back 7

Works to raise the concentration of glucose and fatty acids in the تيار الدمbloodstream, and is considered to be the main catabolic hormone of the body

• Mobilize glucose from liver and fat from adipose tissue

• Glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen)

• Lipolysis (breakdown of fat)

• Gluconeogenesis (formation of glucose from Amino acid, Free fat acid, lactate, glycerol

Front 8

Epinephrine لحد الأن هو مواليد Adrenal cortex

Back 8

Glycogenolysis يزيد

mobilization of glucose from the liver

Regulation of the Hart rate

Front 9

Premissive hormones

Back 9

Thyroxin, cortisol, growth hormone

Front 10

Anterior Pituitary Gland

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

Back 10

Adrenal cortex → cortisol

Front 11

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Back 11

Thyroid gland → T3 & T4

Front 12

Growth hormone (GH) لاحظ انه مواليد البيوتيتاري قلاند

Back 12

Liver → Somatomedins: insulin-like growth factor (IGF)• Tissue growth

Front 13

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Back 13

Ovary → minstrel cycle control

Front 14

Luteinizing hormone

Back 14

Testes → testosterone•

Ovary → estrogen

Front 15

Prolactin

Back 15

Breast → milk production

Front 16

Posterior Pituitary Gland

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) المانع لأدرار البول

Back 16

vasoconstriction

Front 17

Oxytocin

Back 17

Smooth muscle contraction especially during child birth

Front 18

Pelvis

Back 18

sacrum, coccyx & 2 hip bones

Front 19

Pelvic brim

Back 19

sacral promontory to symphysis pubis

Front 20

Inlet

Back 20

Pelvis brim الخط الواصل مكان

Front 21

Outlit

Back 21

Line between coocyx and pubic

Symphysis

Front 22

Outlit

Back 22

Line between coocyx and pubic

Symphysis

Front 23

Pelvic axis المنطقه الي بين الانلت والوت لت

Back 23

path of babies head